Topic 4- Extracting Metals And Equalibria Flashcards
What do metals have in common?
Electrons in their outermost shell they want to get rid of
What type of ions do metals form?
Positive ions
What does the term mean ‘the reactivity of a metal’?
How easily it forms positive ions
Name the elements on the reactivity series in order?
(Please stop calling my amazingly cool zebra in her car silly girl)
K- Potassium Na- sodium Ca- calcium Mg- magnesium Al- aluminium C- carbon Zn- zinc Fe- Iron H- hydrogen Cu- copper Ag- silver Au- Gold
What does reacting the metals with acid or water show? Why do we do it?
To see how fast or violent the reactions are and to compare their relativity reactivity
What does metals and acids form?
Salt and hydrogen gas
What happens as we go down the series reacting it with an acid?
It gets less violent
What is another method to see how reactive a metal is?
Measuring the temperature change
How does measuring temperature change show the most reactive metal?
The most reactive metals produce the most heat
When measuring temperature change what do you do to make it a fair test?
You must ensure each metal sample you use has:
- same mass
- same surface area
- same type/concentration of acid each time
What does metals and water produce?
Metal hydroxides and hydrogen
Which metals on reactivity scale won’t react at all with water? What about Al?
Metals below carbon
Aluminium reacts at room temperature but it does normally react at all
Which metals react with water on reactivity series?
Metals above aluminium
Define displacement
When more reactive metals displace less reactive one
Define inert
Unreactive
Define oxidation
The process of gaining oxygen
Define reduction
The loss of oxygen
What happens when metals are exposed to oxygen?
Most metals are fairly reactive, when exposed to oxygen they produce a metal oxide
What is metals don’t react with oxygen?
Unreactive metals (i.e. gold) are pure metals, they are too unreactive to react with oxygen
How can we reduce our metal oxides to form pure metal?
- React the metal oxide with carbon
- The carbon will take the oxygen form the metal to form carbon dioxide
Can you react carbon with all the metals on the reactivity series?
No you can only react the metals which are less reactive than carbon (I.e. metals below carbon in the reactivity series)
What other way can we turn a metal oxide to a pure metal without carbon?
Electrolysis
Why do we find pure gold in the ground, but not pure iron?
Gold is unreactive, so doesn’t react with any other elements
Iron is reactive enough to react with oxygen so is oxidised to iron oxide
