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Y11 Digital Technology > Topic 4: Database Applications > Flashcards

Topic 4: Database Applications Flashcards

1
Q

What is a database

A

A database is a collection of related or structured information held on a computer

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1
Q

What are the two types of databse

A

Flat File Database
Relational Database

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2
Q

What is a flat file database & why are they problematic

A

where all the information is stored in one table, these can be problematic as they

increase data redundancy
decrease data integrity

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3
Q

what is data redundancy & data integrity

A

Data redundancy is data repeated unnecessarily
Data integrity is data less likely to be accurate or is unreliable as the same data is stored several times increasing the likelihood of errors

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4
Q

What is a relational databse & why is it more effecient than a flat file

A

A relational database contains more than one table, and the tables are linked through common fields.

It is efficient as

Data redundancy is reduced - data that is reapated unnecessarily is reduced
Data integrity is greater - data is more likely to be correct and reliable
Queries and Reports - Can be created using more than one table

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5
Q

What is a table

A

A structure where data is organised in rows and columns

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6
Q

What is a record

A

A record is a collection of data items which may be of different data types, all relating to the individual or object that the record describes.

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7
Q

What is a field

A

A field is a part of a record designed to hold a single data item of a specified type

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8
Q

What is a primary key field

A

A key field uniquely identifies a record

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9
Q

What is the foreign key of the second table

A

when the primary key from one table appears as a field in a second table. it is known as a foreign key of the second table

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10
Q

What is a composite key

A

One that consists of t wo or more fields

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11
Q

What is data validation

A

the automatic checking of data when it is entered in a computer system

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12
Q

What is

data type check
range check
presence check
length check
format check
check digit

A

Type check
when data entered must comform to a certain type of charachter

Range check
Ensure data entered is between an upper and lower limit

Presence check
To check the data has been entered into a field

Length Check
When entered data must be a certain number of charachters

Format check
allow the user to specify exactly what format the data being entered should take

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13
Q

What is a data type

A

A formal description of the kind of data being stored or manipulated within a program or system, for example alphanumeric, numerical or boolean.

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14
Q

What is

Text (or string or alphanumeric)

Number

Date/Time

Currency

Boolean

Autonumber

Calculated

Lookup wizard

A

Text
Text and data that is a mixture of text and numbers

Number
Numerical data that requires a mathematical calculation.

Date/Time
Dates and times

Currency
Monetary data such as item price

Boolean
The data entered contains one of two possible values such as yes/no or true/false

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15
Q

What is a relationship

A

The function of a relationship is to link tables

16
Q

Advantages of a relationship

A

Reduce data redundancy
Increase data integrity
Referential integrity is enabled

17
Q

What is cascade update/cascade delete

A

Ensures that changes made in the linked table are also shown in the primary table

18
Q

What are forms used for

A

To enter and collect data in a database

19
Q

Advantage of using forms

A

forms make it easier to enter data as one form may include fields from different tables

20
Q

What is a lookup list

A

A list of data that can be used or ‘looked up’ to provide all available values for a given field.

21
Q

Advatages & disadvantages of lookup list

A

Advantages
less chance of mistakes being made
Increase speed of data entry so you dont have to type data in
Limits entry option meaning users can only enter valid values

Disadvantages
List needs to be edited if new products become available
If error made in setting up list, it will be in every record

22
Q

What is a query in a database

A

A query can be used with criteria to locate specific data in a database

23
Q

What is a parmater query

A

Where the user is promted to enter search criteria each time the query is activated

24
Q

What is a report in a database

A

A report is the presentation of information from a query. In a user firendly way and professional manner

25
Q

What is import

A

Import is the ability to accept the file produced by other software and place it into the database without having to enter the data again

26
Q

What is export

A

to create a data file using one piece of software so it can be read by different piece of software

27
Q

What is a CSV

A

Comma seperated variable

28
Q

What is a macro

A

A macro is a small program used to perfrom repetitive tasks automatically

29
Q

What is mail merge

A

Mail merge documents are template documents which are set up to contain mail merge fields

30
Q

What is a template

A

A predefined document that can be used to documents with the same formatting and formulas

31
Q

What is a wizard

A

A program which helps a user complete a task using step by step instructions

32
Q

Big data definition

A

The effective management of the volume velocity and variety is an important challenge for the big data industry

33
Q

Sources of big data

A

images and videos
medical records
fitness monitors
e commerce transaction

34
Q

what is volume

A

large data sets that are so complex that traditional tools such as relational database management systems are not able to deal with them effectively, it is the quantity of data produce

35
Q

what is velocity

A

about how fast the data is coming in: the incoming rate of data is very high therefore the speed of data processing must be high

36
Q

What is variety

A

the data that is produced is unstructured and comes in various forms and formats. the challenge is to store the data in structured format

37
Q

What is data analytics

A

Data analytics is the application of algorithms. It can include statistical analysis or artificial intelligence. It is analysying data to draw conclusions

Y11 Digital Technology (3 decks)

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