Topic 4 Flashcards
What are the indispensable a.a
A HILL Makes People Think To Vomit
- Arginine (only in babies.. actually conditionally)
- Histidine
- Isoleucine
- Leucine
- Lysine
- Methionine
- Phenylalanine
- Threonine
- Tryptophan
- Valine
What are the conditionally indispensable?
TAG CGP
- Tyrosine
- Arginine
- Glutamine
- Cystein
- Glycine
- Proline
What are the dispensable a.a.?
GAAAS
- Glutamate
- Alanine
- Asparagine
- Aspartate
- Serine
What are the 4 assumptions to measure flow in and flow out of the bat thub?
- assume taht in a steady state
- Homogeneity of the pool
- Massless tracer
- No reuse of the tracer (recycling)
How do you calculate the flow of tracer in a pool ?
Flow= Taacer dilution rate / [tracer in the pool]
Rate of appearance= rate of disapearance!
Because we assume that in steady state, so flow in= flow out
what are the 2 routes of intake and (exit) in a.a. flux?
Intake:
- Diet
- Proteolysis
Exit (flow out);
- Protein synthesis
- AA Oxidation
Ijnna strictly metabolic sense, only ________ (a.a.) cannot be synthesized by the body.
- Tryptophan
- Lysine
- Threonine
- because they don’t have precursor
In the body, we are to provide the ketoacid version for each a.a. we could synthesize. But since we don’T have high concentration of these ketoacid, these 3 a.a are essential in diet
From the egg experiment, what are some conclusion you can make?
- Illustrates that we don’t make phenylalanine de novo
- Protein synthesis is faster in the liver
What is GLX?
Glutamine+ Glutamate
Glutamate=> fuel for the gut
With the egg experiment, waht is the conclusion we can make about Glutamate? how?
- There was no glutamate that came from the diet, most glutamate is from endogenous source.
- Contrarily to PHE, different Carbons in the glutamate were labeled with the tracer C, so we are able to assemble glutamate in the body from precursors that come from diet
- one reson for this is that we don’t incorporate glutamate into prots becasue we use it as fuel for the gut
What are some methods to measure a.a. requirements?
- Nitrogen balance
- Growth
- Plasma AA response
- Direct AA oxidation
- Indicator AA oxidation
- 24h AA balance
- measure of organ or systemic function=> histidine
What is the math for nitrogen balance?
Nitrogen balance= N intake- N fecal- Urinary N (- misc losses)
Protein is ____ % by weight
16%
If 100 g a.a. intake, how much in feces and urine?
5g in feces
95g in urine
How long does it take to adapt when following N or C?
N= 7-10 days C= hours to a few days
