Topic 4 Flashcards
What were the economic causes of U.S. entry into WWI?
Post-war demobilization, economic recession, labor strikes
These factors created a climate that pushed the U.S. towards involvement in WWI.
What is Efficiency Progressivism?
A movement focused on improving efficiency in the economy and government operations
It aimed to apply scientific principles to social problems.
What was the Republican presidential administrations’ stance on the economy?
The ‘Business of America’
facilitate business growth.
What does the expansion of a credit economy refer to?
Increased reliance on credit for consumer purchases and investments
This shift contributed to consumerism and economic growth in the early 20th century.
What were the consequences of technological innovation in the early 20th century?
Consumerism, capitalism, and early suburbanization
Innovations led to increased production and changes in living patterns.
What is welfare capitalism?
A system in which businesses provide welfare-like benefits to employees
This aimed to prevent labor unrest and promote loyalty.
What characterized the agricultural depression of the early 20th century?
Declining farm prices and economic hardship for farmers
This contributed to broader economic challenges in the U.S.
What is Wilsonian moral diplomacy?
A foreign policy approach emphasizing moral principles and democracy
It guided U.S. interventions in the Caribbean and Mexico.
What was the impact of Wilsonianism on U.S. entry into WWI?
Promoted the idea that the U.S. should intervene to spread democracy
This ideology was a significant factor in the decision to join the war.
What were the psychological consequences of the modernization of warfare?
Trauma and changes in public perception of war
The experiences of WWI altered societal views on conflict.
Who was George Creel?
Chairman of the Committee on Public Information
He was responsible for promoting the war effort through propaganda.
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
The peace treaty that ended WWI
It included provisions for the League of Nations and reparations.
What is the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
An agreement to outlaw war as a means of conflict resolution
Signed by multiple nations in the interwar period.
What was the Sedition Act?
A law that prohibited speech deemed disloyal during WWI
It was used to suppress dissent against the war.
What was Schenck v. U.S.?
A Supreme Court case that upheld restrictions on free speech during wartime
The ruling established the ‘clear and present danger’ standard.
What was the Espionage Act?
A law that penalized spying and anti-war activities
It was enacted to protect national security during WWI.
Who was Eugene Debs?
A socialist leader imprisoned for anti-war activism
He was a prominent figure in American labor movements.
What was the Red Scare?
A period of intense fear of communism and radical leftism
It led to widespread paranoia and government crackdowns.
What was Herbert Hoover’s vision for government?
A technocratic vision focused on efficiency and the associational state
He believed in collaboration between government and business.
What was the Great Migration?
The mass movement of African Americans from the rural South to urban areas in the North
This shift occurred during and after WWI, changing demographics.
What role did African-American military service play in WWI?
Service in the 92nd and 93rd divisions
Their contributions challenged racial stereotypes.
What was the Red Summer?
A series of race riots in the U.S. in 1919
It was fueled by racial tensions and returning veterans.
What was the significance of the 1921 attack on Tulsa’s Greenwood district?
A racially motivated massacre that destroyed a prosperous African American community
Known as the Tulsa Race Massacre, it highlighted racial violence.
What was the Harlem Renaissance?
A cultural movement celebrating African American arts and identity
It produced significant literary and artistic achievements.
