Topic 3A Organizational Culture/ Structure (chapter 8)

Question 1

Accountability

Answer 1

Describes expectation that managers must report and justify work results to the managers above them

Question 2

Adhocracy Culture

Answer 2

Emphasis on innovation and creation

External focus

Values flexibility over stability

Adaptable, creative, and quick to respond to changes in the environment

EX) google

Question 3

Authority

Answer 3

The right to perform or command; also, the rights inherent in a managerial position to make decisions, give orders, and utilize resources

Question 4

Boundaryless Organization

Answer 4

A fluid, highly adaptive organization whose members, linked by information technology, come together to collaborate on common tasks; the collaborators may include competitors, suppliers, and customers

Question 5

Centralized authority

Answer 5

Organizational structure in which important decisions are made by upper managers—power is concentrated at the top

Question 6

Clan culture

Answer 6

Emphasis on employee collaboration

Internal focus

Values flexibility over stability and control

EX) chick-filA

Question 7

Corporate culture

Answer 7

Set of shared taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments

Question 8

Customer divisions

Answer 8

Divisional structures in which activities are grouped around common customers or clients

Question 9

Decentralized authority

Answer 9

Organizational structure in which important decisions are made by middle-level and supervisory-level managers—power is delegated throughout the organization

Question 10

Delegation

Answer 10

The process of assigning managerial authority and responsibility to managers and employees lower in the hierarchy

Question 11

Divisional structure

Answer 11

People with diverse occupational specialties are put together in formal groups either by: (1) similar products or services; (2) customers or clients; or (3) or geographic regions.

Question 12

Enacted values

Answer 12

Values and norms actually exhibited in the organization

Question 13

Espoused values

Answer 13

Explicitly stated values and norms preferred by an organization

Question 14

Functional structure

Answer 14

people with similar occupational specialties are put together in formal groups

Question 15

Geographic divisions

Answer 15

Divisional structures in which activities are grouped around defined regional locations

Question 16

Hierarchical culture

Answer 16

Type of organizational culture that has an internal focus and values stability and control over flexibility

Formalized, structured work environment

EX) amazon

Question 17

Hollow/ Network Structure

Answer 17

The organization has a central core of key functions and outsources other functions to vendors who can do them cheaper or faster

Question 18

Integration

Question 19

Market culture

Answer 19

Emphasis on competition and “winning”, i.e. delivering results

External focus

Values stability and control

EX) Uber

Question 20

Matrix structure

Answer 20

Fourth type of organizational structure, which combines functional and divisional chains of command in a grid so that there are two command structures—vertical and horizontal

Question 21

Modular structure

Answer 21

Firms that use a modular structure will assemble product “chunks” or modules, provided by outside contractors

EX) Bombardier’s Continental business jet is built in pieces, or modules, in Ireland and shipped to Kansas to be assembled

Question 22

Narrow (tall) span of control

Question 23

Organization

Answer 23

A group of people who work together to achieve some specific purpose. A system of consciously coordinated activities of two or more people

Question 24

Organization chart

Answer 24

Box-and-lines illustration of the formal relationships of positions of authority and the organization’s official positions or work specializations

Question 25

Organizational culture

Answer 25

Sometimes called corporate culture; system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members

Question 26

Organizational design

Answer 26

is concerned with designing the optimal structures of accountability and responsibility that an organization uses to execute its strategies

Question 27

Organizational socialization

Answer 27

the process by which people learn the values, norms, and required behaviors of an organization.

Question 28

Organizational structure

Answer 28

defined as the set of shared, taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how if perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments sometimes known as “corporate culture”

Question 29

Product divisions

Answer 29

Divisional structures in which activities are grouped around similar products or services

Question 30

Responsibility

Answer 30

The obligation one has to perform the assigned tasks

Question 31

Rites and rituals

Answer 31

activities and ceremonies that celebrate important occasions and accomplishment

Question 32

Simple structure

Answer 32

has authority centralized in a single person, a flat hierarchy, few rules, and low work specialization

Question 33

Span of control

Answer 33

The # of people reporting directly to a given manager

Question 34

Story

Answer 34

narrative based on true events repeated—and sometimes embellished upon—to emphasize a particular value

Question 35

Symbol

Answer 35

an object, an act, a quality, or event that conveys meaning to others

Question 36

Virtual structure

Answer 36

Company outside a company that is created “specifically to respond to an exceptional market opportunity” that is often temporary

Question 37

Wide (flat) span of control

Question 38

What are the 3 keys to achieving vision and strategy

Answer 38

1. Build and support the right culture 2. Get the right organizational structure 3. Establish effective Human Resources practices

Question 39

Organizational structure Concerned with __________ reports to __________ and ________ specializes in __________ work.

Answer 39

Who Whom Who What

Question 40

Human Resources Practices

Answer 40

consist of all of the activities an organization uses to manage its human capital, including staffing, appraising, training and development, and compensation

Question 41

What are the 4 types of organizational culture

Answer 41

–Clan –Adhocracy –Market –Hierarchy

Question 42

Each type of culture can be described using 2 dimensions: Horizontal dimension

Answer 42

inward focus (towards operations and employees) or outward focus (toward customers and shareholders)

Question 43

Each type of culture can be described using 2 dimensions: Vertical dimension

Answer 43

flexibility (and discretion) or stability (control)

Question 44

Heroes

Answer 44

person whose accomplishments embody the values of the organization

Question 45

How do employees learn culture? (5 things)

Answer 45

1. Symbols 2. Stories 3. Heroes 4. Rites and Rituals 5. Organizational socialization

Question 46

What are the 3 categories of organizational designs:

Answer 46

1. Traditional designs 2. Horizontal designs 3. Open boundaries between organizations

Question 47

There are 8 types of organizational design, what are the traditional designs? (4 types)

Answer 47

1. Simple 2. Functional 3. Divisional 4. Matrix

Question 48

There are 8 types of organizational design, what are the horizontal designs? (1 kind)

Answer 48

5. Horizontal Structure

Question 49

There are 8 types of organizational design, what are the open boundaries between organizations? (3 kinds)

Answer 49

6. hollow 7. Modular 8. Virtual

Question 50

Horizontal Design

Answer 50

teams or workgroups, either temporary or permanent, are used to improve collaboration and work on shared tasks by breaking down internal boundaries

Question 51

Virtual Organization

Answer 51

Organization whose members are geographically distant, usually working via e-mail, collaborative computing, and other computer connections

Question 52

Organizational culture, organizational structure and HR practices should be _________ with its vision and strategies

Answer 52

aligned

Question 53

If managers ____________ the strategy of the organization, they need to change the culture, structure, and HR practices to support it

Answer 53

change

Question 54

Similarly, as companies __________, the culture, structure and HR practices need to grow with it.

Answer 54

Grow