Topic 3: The Humanistic Explanation Flashcards
What does “actualise” mean in humanistic psychology?
To fulfill one’s potential and become the best version of themselves.
What is self-esteem?
How much worth we place on ourselves.
What does “congruent” mean?
The same.
What is the main aim of humanistic psychology?
To understand human nature using simple principles and little theory.
Why do humanistic psychologists reject psychiatric disorders and cognitive therapy?
Because Humanistic psychologists rely on basic assumptions that people are inherently good and have a tendency to grow while the others don’t and are more scientific.
According to humanistic psychology, where do psychological problems come from?
When external forces prevent individuals from achieving growth.
How does humanistic psychology view symptoms of mental health issues?
As a response to the prevention of personal growth.
What are the two main ideas in Carl Rogers’ theory?
The actualising tendency and self-concept.
What is the actualising tendency?
The idea that humans are motivated by their need to actualise.
How does the analogy of a flower explain the actualising tendency?
A flower can only grow if it has the right conditions (light, water, nutrients), just like a person needs the right environment to reach their full potential.
What is the valuing process?
An unconscious process that helps people choose behaviours that will help them fulfill their potential.
What can prevent the valuing process from working?
Strict rules and a poor self-concept.
What did Rogers believe about human nature?
People are inherently good but can become destructive if their valuing process is interfered with.
What are the three components of the self-concept?
Self-image (how we see ourselves), self-esteem (how much value we place on ourselves), and ideal self (what we wish we were like).
Why did Rogers believe self-esteem is the most important aspect of self-concept?
Because it affects how we view ourselves and our ability to grow.
What happens if a person’s ideal self and actual self are congruent?
They will have a good level of self-esteem.
What does the development of congruence and healthy self-esteem depend on?
Receiving unconditional positive regard (acceptance, love, and affection).
How can a harsh childhood environment affect self-esteem and self-actualisation?
If a child receives conditional love from inattentive parents, they may develop low self-esteem and struggle to self-actualise, potentially leading to mental disorders.
