Topic 3 Test Review

Question 1

parasitism

Answer 1

one species benefits (parasite) and other is harmed (host)

Question 2

commensalism

Answer 2

one species benefits and other is unaffected

Question 3

mutualism

Answer 3

both species benefit from relationship

Question 4

parasitism example

Answer 4

tongue eater, sea lice, or tape worms

Question 5

commensalism example

Answer 5

barnacle on whale or remora on shark

Question 6

mutualism example

Answer 6

zooxanthellae or coral-polyps

Question 7

coralpolyps

Answer 7

animal

Question 8

zooxanthellae

Answer 8

plant that lives inside the skin

Question 9

what does the coral-polyp get from the zooxanthellae

Answer 9

the waste from zooxanthellae as food and oxygen

Question 10

what does the zooxanthellae get from the coral-polyp

Answer 10

a place to live and food from waste

Question 11

what does the zooxanthellae absorb from the coral-polyp

Answer 11

CO2

Question 12

endoparasites

Answer 12

inside/internal (tape worms and whales)

Question 13

ectoparasites

Answer 13

outside/external (salmon and sea lice)

Question 14

impacts of photosynthesis

Answer 14

sunlight, light intensity, temperature, amount of nutrients (nitrogen)

Question 15

chemosynthesis

Answer 15

no sunlight, heat and chemicals -> glucose & sulfur

Question 16

example of and organism that goes through chemosynthesis

Answer 16

chemosynthetic bacteria

Question 17

where does chemosynthesis take place

Answer 17

hydrothermal vents

Question 18

how is energy lost

Answer 18

90% gets lost and 10% gets transferred lost by respiration through heat transferred to the next consumer

Question 19

how nutrients are replenished

Answer 19

surface layer of ocean, runoff, atmospheric dissolution, decomposition, volcanic eruption, and upwelling

Question 20

keystone species

Answer 20

organisms that are going to impact multiple other organisms in the food web

Question 21

niche

Answer 21

organisms role in ecosystem

Question 22

generalized niche

Answer 22

eats lots of things

Question 23

specialized niche

Answer 23

eats one thing

Question 24

carbohydrates smaller molecules

Answer 24

glucose make up starch + cellulose

Question 25

lipids smaller molecules

Answer 25

fatty acid and glycerol

Question 26

protein smaller molecules

Answer 26

amino acid

Question 27

carbohydrates chemical elements

Answer 27

C, H, O

Question 28

lipids chemical elements

Answer 28

C, H, O

Question 29

proteins chemical elements

Answer 29

C, H, O, N (sometimes S and P)

Question 30

nitrogen (nutrient)

Answer 30

proteins + DNA (uses)

Question 31

carbon (nutrient)

Answer 31

proteins, DNA, carbs, sugar, glucose, lipids, fat, oil

Question 32

magnesium (nutrient)

Answer 32

to make chlorophyll (uses)

Question 33

calcium (nutrient)

Answer 33

bones, shells and coral skeletons (uses)

Question 34

phosphorus (nutrient)

Answer 34

DNA, bones, ATP, phospholipid bilayers (uses)

Question 35

parasites effect on fish

Answer 35

-frayed fins (harder swimming)
-gill hyperplasia (injured lungs)
-epidermal damage
-damage to eyes

Question 36

anemone receives food

Answer 36

boxer crab uses anemone as protection

Question 37

herbivore

Answer 37

consumes producers

Question 38

carnivore

Answer 38

consumes animals

Question 39

omnivore

Answer 39

consumes both producers and animals

Question 40

decomposer

Answer 40

breaks down dead decaying organic matter so it can return to the food chain/web

Question 41

are parasites predators?

Answer 41

no, this is because a parasite isn’t hunting or consuming its host

Question 42

food chain

Answer 42

one linear feeding interaction; singular feeding relationships

Question 43

food web

Answer 43

multiple food chains

Question 44

trophic level

Answer 44

feeding level in a food chain/web

Question 45

role of photosynthesis in ecosystem

Answer 45

plant takes inorganic substances and turns to organic

Question 46

example of photosynthesis

Answer 46

dolphin can’t eat magnesium so plant turns into something dolphin can eat

Question 47

harvesting

Answer 47

impacts nutrient cycle by causing it to be less nutrient