Topic 3 - Robbery Flashcards
Elements of Robbery S234 CA1981
You must prove the suspect
- Committed a theft of property
- Accompanied by an act of violence, or threat of violence
- To any person
- Used to extort the property stolen, or to prevent or overcome resistance to it being stolen
PENALTY
10 yrs imprisonment
Category 3
Meaning of extort?
Obtain by violence, intimidation, extract forcibly
Elements of Aggravated Robbery S235 CA1981
You must prove the suspect
- Robbed any person and at the time immediately before or after the robbery caused GBH to any person, OR
- Being together with another person robbed any person OR
- Being armed with weapon/instrument, or anything having such appearance, robbed any other person
PENALTY
14 yrs imprisonment
Category 3
Elements of Assault with intent to Rob S236 (1) CA1981
You must prove the suspect
- Intended to rob any person, and
- Caused GBH to any person OR
- Being armed with an offensive weapon/instrument or anything having such appearance, assaulted any person OR
- Being together with another person robbed any person
PENALTY
14 yrs imprisonment
Category 3
Elements of Assault with intent to Rob S236 (2) CA1981
You must prove the suspect
- Assaulted any person
- With intent to rob that or any other person Intended to rob any person
PENALTY
7yrs imprisonment
Category
Elements of Conspiracy to Rob S310 CA1981
OFFENCE COVERED IN ASSOCIATION OFFENCES CHAPTER
PENALTY
7yrs imprisonment
Category
Elements of Demanding with intent to Steal S239(1) and (2) CA1981
OFFENCE COVERED IN BLACKMAIL CHAPTER
PENALTY
14 and 7yrs imprisonment respectively
Category 3
What are the steps when responding to an intended Robbery?
1- When you receive the information, you must first evaluate the reliability of that info about the intended or planned armed hold up.
2- Consider obtaining telco, internet usage and social media data and content to assist in corroborating the information received and gather evidence of the proposed offences
3- Disseminate information where appropriate , you should advise O/C CIB,AOS, Comms, Eagle, NIC
4- Collect background info from NIA on any suspects regarding firearms, vehicles, criminal history addresses, FV history
5- Obtain photos of suspect for briefing & door to door enquiries
6- Liaise with the prospective victim and examine the prospective crime scene
7- View any surveillance footage to gather evidence or suspects pre-planning or target reconnaissance
Steps if the suspects are still at the scene of Robbery?
1- Send patrol to the scene to act as O/C scene - direct maintain observations but not enter unless directed by comms
-provide frequent SITREPS
-Brief other staff when they arrive
2- If informant on premises, Comms should contact them to establish situation
3- Appoint a GDB supervisor to take over as O/C scene who MUST:
-ensure the immediate situation is contained
- take any necessary immediate action
-establish or maintain a safe forward point
-ensure a safe assembly point and access route
- secure or contain escape vehicles
- restrict public access
- Provide SITREPS
4- If suspects are on the premises, verify the O/C AOS and the O/C CIB crime squad to ensure armed staff can be deployed.
5- If the robbery is still in progress try to contain the situation until additional armed staff &/or AOS arrive.
CONSIDER:
- whether to allow suspect t leave the premises
- Community impact assessment
- What degree of force is justified
**DO NOT enter the premises unless you must take immediate action to save life
Steps if the suspects have left the scene of the Robbery?
1- Appoint the nearest unit as O/C scene in the interim and direct it to:
- identify witnesses initial statements
- seize any electronically recorded evidence
- confirm the details given by the informant
- Provide a SITREP
2- Advise the O/C CIB/Crime squad so they can be deployed
3- Deploy dog patrol ensuring the handler is armed
4- If a vehicle was used, the initial effort must focus on locating it
5- Keep patrols regularly informed
6- If vehicle is found appoint O/C vehicle and direct to:
- secure vehicle for forensics
- initiate immediate area enquiries to ascertain the suspects subsequent movement
- Deploy dogs or other patrols if necessary
Initial steps with the Scene examination after Robbery?
1- Appoint a CIB member as O/C at each scene
2- Establish the area contaminated by the offenders & clear & preserve it for forensics
3- Retain on principal witness at the scene to assist with reconstruction
Steps with the Scene examination after Robbery?
1- Arrange the attendance of appropriate experts e.g. fingerprints, photos, ESR
2- Prepare a plan of the premises
3- Uplift any security recording & arrange copying and enhancement where necessary
4- Obtain:
-Serial numbers of stolen notes
- any note used to demand money
- the offender description forms from the bank
5- O/C scene to coordinate the seizure and security of any exhibits from he scene and deliver them to the O/C exhibits
6- Obtain control samples from the scene
7- Give the O/C enquiry a reconstruction of activity at the scene
Steps with victim & witness enquiries from the Robbery?
1- Appoint an O/C witness to co-ordinate the interviews. Obtain statements from victims/witnesses
2- Obtain physical evidence such as:
- clothing
- bloodstains
- fingernail scrapings
- Notes made at the scene
3- Complete a medical examination where appropriate to ascertain the extent of the injury - consider a dying statement
4- Consider a ‘FACES” of the suspects - to be completed early
5- To avoid any adverse effects at the trial, request the witnesses not to:
- comment to the media
- Post images of comment on social media
6- Forward victim details to Victim Support
Steps with general enquiries with a robbery?
1- Inform:
-Local police and community constables
- CIB and intel employees
- other stations
2- You should not release details about amounts of money stolen unless:
- the O/C investigations considers their to be valid reasons connected with the investigations to do so
- requested by the O/C for operational resources
- Fraud and security branch of the respective bank has been consulted
4- Conduct area and local enquiries
5- Consider businesses with other security recording devices
6- Consider:
- distributing the camera photos to the media if identities not known
- issuing special notices on the bully board
- obtain for enquiry purposes property identical to that stolen
- liaising with Police social media
- Setting up staffed visual display boards int he street at the scene to obtain info from public - must include SOF, photos of clothing, weapons, vehicles and “FACES” picture of the suspects
- Issue an offence report
Steps with suspect enquiries with a robbery?
1- Give priority to anonymous info
2- Be extremely cautious when dealing with suspects
3- To identify suspects use as appropriate:
- Fingerprints, forensics
- Security recordings
- Statements from victims, informants or witnesses
- Media response
- information from police staff
- Enquiries at prison , pre-release hostels, corrections, hotels and boarding houses, psych hospitals
4- Consider witness ID of the suspect
5- Investigate suspects thoroughly & according to priority, collect all available info including:
- names, aliases, photos
- descriptions
- employment history
- vehicle registrations
- associates details, marital status
- modus operandi reports, offender reports
6- In additions you MUST:
- check with local authority - ascertain ownership of property
- check with power company
- make a reconnaissance of the residential areas
- consider surveillance on suspects address & photograph people, vehicles
- consider phone and social media dumps
