Topic 3 - Particle Model of Matter - 3.2 - Internal Energy and Energy Transfers Flashcards
What is the internal energy of a
substance?
●The energy stored by the particles
●The sum of the total kinetic and potential energies that make up the system
How does heating affect the energy of a
substance?
●Heating transfers energy to the substance
● It increases the energy of the particles that make up the substance
What two things can heating a substance
do?
- Raise its temperature
- Change the state of the substance
What three factors determine the
temperature change of a system?
1.Mass of substance being heated
2. Type of material (Specific heat capacity)
3. Energy inputted into the system
State the equation used to calculate the temperature change when a substance is heated. Give appropriate units.
Define specific heat capacity.
The amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C.
Describe how the internal energy and temperature of a substance changes when a change of state occurs.
●The internal energy of the substance will be increased or decreased
●The temperature of the substance will remain constant
Define specific latent heat.
State the equation for the energy required to change state. Give
appropriate units.
●Energy to change state = mass x specific latent heat
●Energy (J), Mass (kg), Specific latent heat (J/kg)
What is the specific latent heat of fusion?
The energy required to change 1kg of a substance from solid state to liquid state without a change in temperature.
What is the specific latent heat of
vaporisation?
The energy required to change 1kg of a substance from liquid state to gas state (vapour) without a change in temperature.
