Topic 3 - Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What is organic chemistry?

Answer 1

Organic chemistry is the study of carbon (organic) compounds.

Question 2

What are some key features of carbon that validify its presence in all organic compounds?

Answer 2

The ability of carbon to form so many compounds is unique among the elements. Carbon has a covalence shell consisting of four electrons. It may form single, double or triple bonds with other carbon atoms and form straight chains, branched chains or rings.

Question 3

What are the three different types of structural formulae?

Answer 3

Extended structural formula, condensed structural formula, and skeletal structural formula.

Question 4

What is systematic nomenclature?

Answer 4

Systematic nomenclature is the chemical system used to help identify the structure of a compound. The name given through this system provides information about carbon chain length, functional groups, and the positioning of functional groups.

Question 5

What are the prefixes for carbon chain length?

Answer 5

1 - meth
2 - eth
3 - prop
4 - but
5 - pent
6 - hex
7 - hept
8 - oct
9 - non
10 - dec

Question 6

What is the suffix used for carboxylic acids?

Answer 6

-oic acid

Question 7

What is the suffix used for carboxylate ions?

Answer 7

-oate ion

Question 8

What is the suffix used for esters?

Answer 8

-yl -oate

Question 9

What is the suffix used for amines?

Answer 9

-amine

Question 10

What is the suffix used for amides?

Answer 10

-amide

Question 11

What is the suffix used for alkanes?

Answer 11

-e

Question 12

What is the suffix used for alkenes?

Answer 12

-ene

Question 13

What is the suffix used for alcohols?

Answer 13

-ol

Question 14

What is the suffix used for aldehydes?

Answer 14

-al

Question 15

What is the suffix used for ketones?

Answer 15

-one

Question 16

What is a branching alkyl chain?

Answer 16

Anything carbon based that is attached to the longest carbon chain is considered a branching alkyl chain.