Topic 3 - Networks (definitions) Flashcards

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1
Q

Bus topology

A

Computer network in which a “bus” connects all the devices
together through a common cable.

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2
Q

Cable

A

Copper wire (usually coaxial and twisted pair) and fibre (fibre optic cable-made from glass) Cables allow for the connection of computers over a network.

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3
Q

Check digit

A

Extra digit added to numerical data that is used to check data, integrity after input, transmission, storage and processing.

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4
Q

Data integrity

A

The accuracy of data after input, transmission, storage or processing.

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5
Q

Check sum

A

Error—detecting procedure that generates a sum from the digits of a number.

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6
Q

Data packet

A

Portion of a message that is transmitted through a network. Contains data such as check digits and destination address.

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7
Q

Gateway

A

Link that resides between computer networks and is responsible for converting data passing through into the appropriate format so it can be understood by the receiving network.

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8
Q

Handshaking

A

Exchange of predetermined signals to signify that a connection has been established between two systems.

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9
Q

Hub

A

Network connection point for devices. Data arriving at a hub is copied and send to all the devices on the network.

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10
Q

ISDN (integrated services
digital network)

A

International communications standard that allows for the transmission of audio/video and other data over digital
telephone lines.

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11
Q

Local area network (LAN)

A

Computer network where all the connected computers are
within a limited geographical area (ex. a home, school, etc.). Connection between the computers may be through cables and/or microwave transmission.

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12
Q

Microwave transmission

A

Electronic communication without the need for cables.

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13
Q

Modem (abbreviation of
modulator/demodulator)

A

Electronic equipment that converts computer digital signals into audio signals and back. The audio signals are transmitted over telephone lines, which allows for distant communication.

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14
Q

Network

A

Computer systems that are interconnected and can share resources and data.

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15
Q

Packet

A

Group of bits. May include control signals, error control bits, coded information, as well as the destination for the data.

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16
Q

Packet switching

A

Network communication method that creates and transmits small units of data, called packets, through a network, independently of the overall message.

17
Q

Networking

A

Making use of a network.

18
Q

Parity bit

A

Error-detecting procedure that appends a binary digit to a group of binary digits. The sum of all the digits, including the appended
binary digit, establishes the accuracy of the data after input, transmission, storage or processing.

19
Q

Protocol

A

International rules that ensure the transfer of data between systems. A protocol that is recognized as the standard for a specific type of transfer is called standard protocol. For example: TCP/IP is a standard protocol.

20
Q

TCP/IP (transmission
control protocol/
Internet protocol)

A

Communications protocols used to connect hosts on the
Internet.