TOPIC 3 - Networking

Question 1

what is a computer network?

Answer 1

two or more computers connected together so that they can share resources

Question 2

how does a firewall block unauthorized access?

Answer 2

Firewall keeps track which websites you have contacted recently and are waiting for a reply. You grant outside sites permission to push data on your device

Question 3

what would a network for a large company include?

Answer 3

Internet
Public telephone network 
Internal wired network 
Internal wireless network 
Cell phone network 
Video conferencing system 
Extranet: a private network that partenrts ,suppliers and vendors can access

Question 4

what is circuit switching?

Answer 4

a path using wires connecting the source and the destination

Question 5

what is packet switching?

Answer 5

Data is broken down into parts (called packets) roughly 1 KB in size
Packets are sent from the source to the desrtination (possibly along different network paths)
Packets are reassembled in their original order once they reached their destination

Question 6

what is a key advantage of packet switching

Answer 6

only use the network when you have information to send -> More people can share the network

Question 7

name 5 characteristics of networks

Answer 7

topology, geo scale, protocol, transmission media, services

Question 8

explain typology and the common ones

Answer 8

how are the nodes connected to each other

Most common: star (most popular), bus, ring (rare)

Question 9

explain the 5 popular geographic scales

Answer 9

NFC: mobile payment up to 4cm
PAN: bluetooth connecting a laptop to mouse (Personal area network, up to 10 meters)
LAN: within a small building or single floor (Local area network)
WLAN: wireless local network
WAN: wide area network: typically means internet or networks spanning regions or countries

Question 10

what is a network protocol?

Answer 10

A network protocol is a set of rules governing how data is exchanged in a network

Question 11

what is internet protocol suite

Answer 11

standard for most networks including the internet

Question 12

what are the 2 core protocols?

Answer 12

transmission control protocol and internet protocol

Question 13

TCP/IP are part of a 4 layer protocol suite. Name the layers

Answer 13

application, transport, internet, network

network breaks up into data link and physical

Question 14

Explain the application layer and give an example

Answer 14

example: HTTP

Defines protocols for applications to exchange data
Send the data (webpage) to the transport layer to be transported

Question 15

Explain the transport layer and give an example

Answer 15

example: TCP

It sets up and manages the connection with the destination
It breaks up the data into packets at the source and reassembles them at the destination

Question 16

Explain the internet layer and give an example

Answer 16

example: IP

It addresses and routes a packet through the network
It gets the packet from a source to a destination based only on its address

Question 17

Explain the data link layer

Answer 17

transporting a packet fromone router tothe next

turns 1s and 0s into packets and vice versa

Question 18

explain the physical layer

Answer 18

looks at transporting the packets on some medium (ie. wires).

Question 19

name 4 common physical transmission media

Answer 19

Twisted pair (of wires)
Coaxial cable
Fiber optic cable
Wireless Transmission

Question 20

how do you characterize network performance?

Answer 20

bandwidth (number of bits transmitted per second)
larger bandwidth = faster = more data transfered

responsiveness is measured through latency -> how long it takes to receive the first byte of data

Question 21

name 5 types of wireless communication

Answer 21

bluetooth, wifi, wimax, 3G/4G/5G, cell towers

Question 22

what network is bluetooth used on and give example

Answer 22

used for PAN

examples: headset, mouse for computer

Question 23

what network is Wifi used on and give example

Answer 23

WLAN and within office or home

Question 24

explain wimax

Answer 24

Secture remote wireless access for longer distances -> up to 50 km
Based on microwaves
The path between the base station and the remote tower must be a direct path with no trees, buildings, or hills in the way

Question 25

compare 1G / 2G / 3G-5G

Answer 25

1G is voice only
2G text msg
3G-5G internet access

Question 26

explain a cell tower

Answer 26

The range of a single cell phone tower (flat terrain ideal) can be 35km
Most towers support multiple technologies 3G/4G

Question 27

explain 5G cellular networks

Answer 27

5G will allow for smaller antennas with a shorter range and so it can support more devices
faster response times

Question 28

what does 5G create support for?

Answer 28

internet of things -> thermostats, lighting, and home securities

Question 29

What is an internet

Answer 29

a network of networks

Question 30

What is the internet?

Answer 30

a collection of local, regional, national and international computer networks linked together

way to link up diff networks together

Question 31

What is the Web?

Answer 31

One of the services available over the internet

Collection of interconnected documents and other resources, linked by hyperlinks

Question 32

What are the 3 parts of the world wide web?

Answer 32

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) -> structures communication between browser and server
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) -> filetype
Uniform Resource Locator (URL) -> unique address

Question 33

what is not part of the world wide web?

Answer 33

Any program that needs to connected to the internet to run, but does not use a browser

Question 34

what is a domain name?

Answer 34

the English like name that corresponds to the IP address

Question 35

What system translates domain names into IP addresses?

Answer 35

Domain Name System (DNS)