Topic 3: Introduction Deductive Reasoning

Question 1

What are the ways that the premise can support the conclusion?

Answer 1

“i) Completely Support

ii) Give only some support
iii) Fails to give any support”

Question 2

What is the standard form of a deductively valid argument

Answer 2

“All A are B
All B are C
————-
All A are C”

Question 3

What is a deductively valid argument?

Answer 3

If the premises completely support the conclusion.

“If we assume that all the premise are true, then we must also say that the conclusion is true”

Question 4

What does the truth-preserving do to an argument?

Answer 4

Truth - preserving is another way of expressing the validity of an argument, which means that the argument is able to preserve the truth of the premise in the conclusion itself. Since validity solely is determined by the form of the argument, not the content.

Question 5

What are the rules of having a valid argument?

Answer 5

“The structure of an argument can be:
i) all true premises and a true conclusion
ii) all or some false premises and a true conclusion
iii) all or some false premises and a false conclusion
However, it is impossible for an argument to have all true premises and a false conclusion”

Question 6

Define Soundness

Answer 6

A sounds argument is a valid argument in which all the premises are true.