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Computer Science > Topic 3 -Fundamentals of Data Representation > Flashcards

Topic 3 -Fundamentals of Data Representation Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is denary?

A

0 - infinite

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2
Q

What is binary?

A

0’s and 1’s

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3
Q

What does a left binary shift do?

A

x2

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4
Q

What does a right binary shift do?

A

Divide 2

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5
Q

0 + 0 =

A

0

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6
Q

0 + 1 =

A

1

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7
Q

1 + 1 =

A

0 carry 1

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8
Q

1 + 1 + 1=

A

1 carry 1

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9
Q

1 + 1 + 1 + 1=

A

0 carry 1 two spaces

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10
Q

What is hexadecimal?

A

0 -9
A = 10
B = 11
C=12
D = 13
E =14
F = 15

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11
Q

What is ASCII?

A

A character set that uses 7 bits to represent numbers, symbols and characters

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12
Q

What is a disadvantage of ASCII?

A

Only in one language

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13
Q

What is unicode?

A

A character set based of ASCII for backwards compatibility that represents all major languages.
Uses 16 bits

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14
Q

What is resolution?

A

Total number of pixels

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15
Q

What is a pixel?

A

The smallest element of an image

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16
Q

What is a bitmap?

A

A grid arrangement of pixels

17
Q

What is colour depth?

A

The number of bits needed to store all the colours

18
Q

What is the formula for representation size?

A

Representation size = no. of pixels x colour depth

19
Q

What is metadata?

A

Data about data

20
Q

What happens if you enlarge a bitmap?

A

It becomes pixelated

21
Q

What are vector graphics?

A

Images that never become pixelated because they are redrawn to size.
Eg. logos

22
Q

What is amplitude?

A

The ‘height’ of the sound wave

23
Q

What is sampling?

A

Taking a reading at regular intervals

24
Q

What is sample rate?

A

The number of samples per second

25
Q

What is sample rate measure in?

A

Hertz

26
Q

What is sample size/ resolution?

A

The number of bits per sample

27
Q

What is the formula for representation size?

A

Sample rate x sample size x duration

28
Q

What does compression do?

A

Makes files smaller therefore reducing storage space

29
Q

What is lossy compression?

A

When you remove unimportant data that can never be restored

30
Q

What is lossless compression?

A

When you restore data it is the same as original

31
Q

What is run-length-encoding?

A

Grouping repeated data

32
Q

How do Huffman trees work?

A

They calculate the frequency of characters and create a binary tree

33
Q

What does the left side of a Huffman tree represent?

A

0

34
Q

What does the right side of a Huffman tree represent?

A

1

Computer Science (6 decks)

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