Topic 3: Database Applications

Question 1

What does a table consist of?

Answer 1

A table consists of a number of records

Question 2

What is a record represented as?

Answer 2

A record is represented as a row in a table

Question 3

What is a field?

Answer 3

A field is part of a record that stores a single data item, represented by a column

Question 4

What is a key field?

Answer 4

A key field uniquely identifies one record

Question 5

What is a query?

Answer 5

A query searches and filters data in a database that satisfies the query criteria

Question 6

What are forms used for?

Answer 6

Forms are used to collect data to create a new record, modify an existing record or view records already stored in a table

Question 7

What are reports?

Answer 7

Reports are used to present results from queries in an effective manner

Question 8

What is a macro?

Answer 8

Macros are small programs that are written to perform a repetitive database task manually

Question 9

What are macros used for?

Answer 9

They are used to add functionality to forms and reports

Question 11

what is database relationships?

Answer 11

database relationships link two or more tables in a database using a relationship type

Question 12

How does relational databases happen?

Answer 12

A common field must be stored in each table; the key field from one table is stored in another table as a non-key field (foreign key)

Question 13

How can relationships be defined?

Answer 13

• one-to-one
• one-to-many
• many-to-many

Question 14

Data Types:
Text

Answer 14

Text and data that is a mixture of text and numbers (e.x a postcode)

Question 15

Data Types:
Number

Answer 15

Numeric data that requires a mathematical calculation

Question 16

Data Types:
Date/Time

Answer 16

Used to add dates and times

Question 17

Data Types:
Currency

Answer 17

Monetary data; this means it includes two decimal places

Question 18

Data Types:
Auto number

Answer 18

To create a key field, the computer generates sequential numbers that are automatically inserted for each new record created

Question 19

Data Types:
Yes/No

Answer 19

Data that has two possible values (e.x Yes/No or True/False), this is called a Boolean value

Question 20

Data Types:
OLE Object

Answer 20

Object Linking and Embedding; objects created using a software package other than a database

Question 21

Data Types:
Hyperlink

Answer 21

A link to a web address (URL)

Question 22

Data Types:
Attachment

Answer 22

A file attached to a record (e.x an image)

Question 23

Data Types:
Calculated

Answer 23

The result of a calculation produced from another field in the record

Question 24

Data Types:
Lookup Wizard

Answer 24

A value can be selected from a predefined list and entered into the field

Question 25

Data Validation: Presence Check

Answer 25

This ensures that data is present; the field cannot be left blank

Question 26

Data Validation: Length Check

Answer 26

This ensures that data entered is the correct number of characters

Question 27

Data Validation: Type Check

Answer 27

This ensures that data is of the correct type (e.x numeric / Date/Time)

Question 28

Data Validation: Format Check

Answer 28

This ensures that data matches a predetermined pattern

Question 29

Data Validation: Range Check

Answer 29

This ensures that data is within a lower and upper limit

Question 30

What is this operator? <

Answer 30

Less than

Question 31

What is this operator? <=

Answer 31

Less than or equal to

Question 32

What is this operator? >

Answer 32

Greater than

Question 33

What is this operator? >=

Answer 33

Greater than or equal to

Question 34

What is this operator? =

Answer 34

Equal to

Question 35

What is this operator? <>

Answer 35

Not equal to

Question 36

Big Data: Volume

Answer 36

- This refers to the amount of data stored by organisations - Data is raw facts and figures that is unprocessed - Organisations now store large amounts of data from difference sources, requiring large storage capacity hardware

Question 37

Big Data: Variety

Answer 37

- Refers to the different types and varieties of data - Data is now stored in many formats (e.x video and images, not just text) - Data can be structured, semi-structured or unstructured

Question 38

Big Data: Velocity

Answer 38

- This refers to the speed at which data can be processed - Due to large volumes of data, there is a need to use more powerful computers to process the data more quickly

Question 39

What is data analytics?

Answer 39

Data analytics involves analysing large volumes of data to produce useful information

Question 40

Why is data analytics beneficial?

Answer 40

It is beneficial to organisations for making decisions and planning for future growth

Question 41

What can make data analytics difficult?

Answer 41

When data is in different formats, it makes preparing and processing the data more challenging