Topic 3 - Conservation of Energy

Question 1

1 What is the unit for measuring energy?

Answer 1

joule

Question 2

2 What is the name for energy stored in a hot object?

Answer 2

thermal/internal

Question 3

3 How is energy transferred from hot objects to their surroundings?

Answer 3

by heating/convection/conduction/radiation/evaporation

Question 4

4 Energy stored in petrol in a car is transferred to energy stored in the moving car. What are the names for these two energy stores?

Answer 4

chemical, kinetic

Question 5

5 If 100J of energy is transferred into a machine, how much is transferred out?

Answer 5

100J

Question 6

6 In what way is most wasted energy transferred?

Answer 6

by heating

Question 7

7 When an object is moved to a higher position, what name is given to the energy that it then stores?

Answer 7

gravitational potential energy

Question 8

8 What are the energy transfers when a ball bounces?

Answer 8

kinetic, strain/elastic potential, kinetic

Question 9

9 What are the energy transfers when a moving car slows down?

Answer 9

kinetic ? thermal energy stored in the brakes/surroundings, energy transferred by forces

Question 10

10 Name three different types of object or substance that store energy in chemicals.

Answer 10

food, fuel, batteries/cells

Question 11

11 Name two ways in which a television transfers useful energy to its surroundings.

Answer 11

light, sound

Question 12

12 Name one way in which a television transfers wasted energy to its surroundings.

Answer 12

by heating

Question 13

13 In what way do most machines or processes transfer wasted energy to the surroundings?

Answer 13

by heating

Question 14

14 Name two machines in which energy transferred by heating is useful energy.

Answer 14

any two sensible answers, such as cooker or fire

Question 15

15 When a kettle boils water, the useful energy ends up stored as thermal energy in the hot water. Where does the wasted energy end up?

Answer 15

thermal energy in kettle/surroundings

Question 16

16 When a moving car brakes and comes to a stop, where does all the kinetic energy it was storing eventually end up?

Answer 16

thermal energy in the surroundings

Question 17

17 When a moving car hits a wall, what happens to the kinetic energy it was originally storing?

Answer 17

kinetic energy of crash fragments, transferred to surroundings by sound but all ends up as thermal energy in the surroundings

Question 18

18 What does dissipated mean?

Answer 18

spread out

Question 19

19 Which wastes more energy: a more efficient machine or a less efficient machine?

Answer 19

less efficient

Question 20

20 What happens to the particles in a solid when the solid gets warmer?

Answer 20

vibrate more

Question 21

21 One end of a metal bar is heated. What is the name for the way energy is transferred along the bar?

Answer 21

conduction

Question 22

22 What kind of materials are good thermal conductors?

Answer 22

metals

Question 23

23 Name two materials that are good thermal insulators.

Answer 23

any two from wood, plastic, wool, etc.

Question 24

24 What is the name for the way in which energy is transferred in a fluid

Answer 24

Convection

Question 25

25 What causes a convection current?

Answer 25

part of the fluid being hotter than the rest/warm fluid rises

Question 26

26 Materials that contain trapped air are good insulators. Why does the air need to be trapped?

Answer 26

so it cannot transfer energy by convection

Question 27

27 How does warmth from the Sun reach the Earth?

Answer 27

radiation

Question 28

28 Will a black car or a white car get hotter on a sunny day?

Answer 28

black

Question 29

29 Name one thing a homeowner can do to reduce the money they spend on heating.

Answer 29

any from insulate loft, fit double glazing etc.

Question 30

30 What is the unit for measuring energy?

Answer 30

joule

Question 31

31 What is the name for energy stored in an object because it is in a high position?

Answer 31

gravitational potential energy

Question 32

32 What is the name for energy stored in a moving object?

Answer 32

kinetic energy

Question 33

33 How many grams are there in a kilogram?

Answer 33

1000

Question 34

34 What is the law of conservation of energy?

Answer 34

total energy stays the same, or energy cannot be created or destroyed .

Question 35

35 A ball has 5J of gravitational potential energy before it is dropped. How much kinetic energy is it storing the moment before it hits the floor ? 0J, less than 5J, 5J, more than 5J?

Answer 35

5J

Question 36

36 How can you increase the gravitational potential energy stored in a box?

Answer 36

move it up, away from the Earth

Question 37

37 Name a store of chemical energy.

Answer 37

any from coal, oil, natural gas, food, batteries/cells

Question 38

38 What do we call the kind of energy stored inside atoms?

Answer 38

nuclear energy or atomic energy

Question 39

39 When we burn a fuel, how is the energy transferred to the surroundings?

Answer 39

by heating

Question 40

40 How is energy transferred to machines such as TVs and computers?

Answer 40

by electricity

Question 41

41 Is electricity a fuel?

Answer 41

no

Question 42

42 Name two fuels that are used by most vehicles on the roads.

Answer 42

petrol, diesel

Question 43

43 Name two fuels that we call fossil fuels.

Answer 43

any two from coal, oil, natural gas, or oil derivatives such as petrol and diesel

Question 44

44 What are the two products of the complete burning of fossil fuels?

Answer 44

carbon dioxide, water

Question 45

45 What effect does carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have on the temperature of the Earth?

Answer 45

keeps it warm

Question 46

46 What is the name for the idea that the Earth is getting warmer?

Answer 46

climate change/global warming

Question 47

47 Name four different non-renewable resources.

Answer 47

coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear fuel/uranium

Question 48

48 Name two different uses for natural gas.

Answer 48

power stations, heating homes, cooking

Question 49

49 Name the main use for coal.

Answer 49

power stations

Question 50

50 How is uranium used?

Answer 50

nuclear power stations

Question 51

51 What gas do fossil-fuel power stations emit that nuclear power stations do not?

Answer 51

carbon dioxide

Question 52

52 Why is adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere a problem?

Answer 52

contributing to climate change

Question 53

53 Why will supplies of fossil fuels eventually run out?

Answer 53

we are using them faster than they can be replaced

Question 54

54 Name two forms of renewable energy.

Answer 54

two from: solar, wind, waves, tides, bio-fuel

Question 55

55 What is the name for a fuel made from plants or from animal wastes?

Answer 55

bio-fuel