Topic 3) Changes in energy Flashcards
what are the 8 main stores of energy?
magnetic
internal (thermal)
chemical
kinetic
electrostatic
elastic potential
gravitational potential
nuclear
what is magnetic energy?
energy stored when repelling poles are pushed together, or when attracting poles have been pulled apart
what is internal (thermal)?
the total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object
what happens to internal (thermal) energy in hotter objects?
the particles have more internal energy and vibrate faster
what is chemical energy?
the energy stored in chemical bonds
what is kinetic energy?
the energy of a moving object
what is electrostatic energy?
the energy stored when repelling charges more closer together, or when attracting charges are pulled apart
what is elastic potential energy?
the energy stored when an object is stretched or squashed
what is gravitational potential energy
the energy of an object at height
what is nuclear energy?
the energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
what are examples of magnetic energy?
fridge magnets
compasses
what are examples of internal (thermal) energy?
human bodies
hot coffees
what are examples of chemical energy?
foods
muscles
what are examples of kinetic energy?
runners
buses
what are examples of electrostatic energy?
thunderclouds
Van De Graaff generators
what are examples of elastic potential energy?
drawn catapults
inflated balloons
what are examples of gravitational potential energy?
aeroplanes
kites
what are examples of nuclear energy?
uranium nuclear power
nuclear reactors
what happens when energy is transferred?
when one store empties another sore fills
what are the 4 main energy pathways?
mechanical work
electrical work
heating
radiation
what is mechanical work?
a force moving an object through a distance
what is electrical work?
charges moving due to a potential difference
what are sankey diagrams for?
shows how all the energy in a system is transferred into different stores
what is an example of conservation of energy?
a skydiver jumping out a plane
what happens when a skydiver jumps out a plane?
loses gravitational potential energy, as height decreases
kinetic energy increases
what is the equation for change in gravitational potential energy?
change in gravitational potential energy = mass x gravitational field strength x change in vertical height
what is gravitational potential energy measured in?
joules (J)
what is gravitational field strength measured in?
newtons per kilogram (N/kg)
