Topic 3- Bonding

Question 1

What are the 3 main types of intramolecular bonds?

Answer 1

Metallic
Ionic
Covalent

Question 2

What elements are unable to form intramolecular bonds?

Answer 2

Noble gases

Question 3

What is the structure of a metallic bond?

Answer 3

Giant metallic lattice of positive ions in a sea of delocalised outer electrons

Question 4

What is a metallic bond?

Answer 4

Electrostatic attraction between the positive ions and delocalised outer electrons

Question 5

What elements are metallic bonds found in?

Answer 5

Liquid and solid metals

Question 6

What are the strength of metallic bonds?

Answer 6

Varies but are mostly strong

Question 7

What is the trend in metallic bonds as you go down a period?

Answer 7

They get weaker as the de localised outer electrons are further from the nuclear charge and are less strongly

Question 8

What are intramolecular bonds?

Answer 8

Bonds formed between atoms to get a full outer shell

Question 9

Why can metallic bonds conduct electricity?

Answer 9

delocalised electrons are free to move

Question 10

What is the structure of an ionic bond?

Answer 10

ionic crystal lattice of + and - ions

Question 11

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 11

is the electrostatic attraction between + and - ions

Question 12

What are ionic bonds found in?

Answer 12

compounds containing a metal, ammonium and a non metal

Question 13

What are the strength of ionic bonds?

Answer 13

v.strong, high mpt and bpt.

Question 14

What does ionic bonds conduct in?

Answer 14

when molten or in solution, ions are free to move

Question 15

How are ions formed?

Answer 15

outer electrons from the metal are completely transferred to the non metal.

Question 16

What are the structure of covalent (network) bonds?

Answer 16

a giant lattice of covalently bonded atoms/

Question 17

Name four covalent network substances?

Answer 17

Diamond, graphite, silicon dioxide and silicon carbide

Question 18

What is structure of covalent (discrete) bonds?

Answer 18

discrete molecules held together by weak intermolecular.

Question 19

What is a covalent bond the result of?

Answer 19

The covalent bond is a result of two positive nuclei being held together by their common attraction for the shared pair of electrons.

Question 20

Why do ionic bonds exist?

Answer 20

because the difference in electronegativities is great enough for bonding electrons to be transferred completely from the metal to the non-metal atom.

Question 21

What is the relationship between ionic character and difference in electronegativity of the elements?

Answer 21

the greater the diff in the electronegativity value of the elements in a bond, the more ionic character it has.

Question 22

What are pure covalent bonds?

Answer 22

The electronegativities of both atoms are identical and the bonding electrons are shared equally between both atoms e.g. H2, S8.

Question 23

What are polar covalent bonds?

Answer 23

Polar covalent bonds are formed when the attraction of the atoms for the pair of bonding electrons is different. Delta positive (δ+) and delta negative (δ-) notation can be,used to indicate the partial charges on atoms, which
give rise to a dipole (eg H δ+̶ Clδ-).

Question 24

What is the electronegativity difference in polar bonds?

Answer 24

usually a difference of at least 0.5