Topic 3 Flashcards
How much genes are actually expressed in a cell ?
Only a fraction of the genes in a cell are expressed
What are gene expression influenced by ?
Gene expression is influenced by intra and extra cellular environmental factors .
What is gene expression controlled by ?
Gene expression is controlled by both transcription and translation
What the structure of rna
Rna is single stranded , contains uracil instead of thymine and ribose instead of deoxyribose sugar
Where does the messenger rna (mRNA ) carry a copy of Dna from and to ?
Messenger rna carries a copy of the dna code from the nucleus to the ribosome
What forms the ribosome
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA ) and proteins form the ribosome
Each transfer rna (tRNA ) carries ?
Each transfer RNA (tRNA) carries a specific amino acid
RNA transcripts take place where ?
RNA transcripts take place in the nucleus
RNA transcripts include the role of ?
The role of RNA polymerase and complementary base paring
What are the introns in the primary transcript and what happens to them in RNA splicing ?
The introns of the primary RNA transcript are non coding and are removed in the RNA splicing
What are exons and what happens to them during RNA splicing
The exons are coding regions and are joined together to form a mature transcript
What’s the process called with the removal of introns and joining of exons ?
RNA splicing
Where does tRNA take place ?
Ribosome
What does the tRNA fold because of ?
tRNA folds due to base paring
What does the tRNA fold ?
tRNA folds to from a triplet anticodon site and an attachment site for a specific amino acid
What do the triplet codons and anticodons do on the mRNA ?
Triplet codons and anticodons on the mRNA translate the genetic code into a sequence of amino acids
What are start and stop codons ?
Start codons are the first codon and the stop codon is the last codon that stops further addition to the polypeptide chain
What can be expresses from one gene as a result of alternative RNA splicing and post translational modification ?
Different proteins can be expressed from one gene as a result of alternative RNA splicing and post translational modification
Different proteins can be expressed form one gene as a result of ?
Alternative RNA splicing and post translational modification
Different mRNA molecules are produced from the same primary transcript depending on ?
Which RNA segments are treated as exons and introns
What is post translation protein modification ?
Post translation protein structure modification by cutting and combing polypeptide chains or by adding phosphate or carbohydrate groups to the protein .
Cutting and combining polypeptide chains or by adding phosphate or carbohydrate group to the protein is ?
Post translation protein structure modification
What is the phenotype determined by ?
Phenotype is determined by the proteins produced as a result of gene expression
