Topic 3,4&5

Question 1

Name the acid produced in the stomach

Answer 1

Hydrochloric acid

Question 2

How do indigestion tablets work

Answer 2

They are an alkali which means they neutralise the excess acid in the stomach

Question 3

What do you get when you react an acid with a metal oxide

Answer 3

Salt and water

Question 4

Write the symbol equation for the reaction of hydrochloric acid with sodium carbonate

Answer 4

NaCO3 + HCl —-> NaCl + H20 + CO2

Question 5

Is the anode positive or negative

Answer 5

Positive

Question 6

How would you test for hydrogen gas

Answer 6

Put a lit splint in the test tube

Squeaky pop test

Question 7

Name a product of the electrolysis of salt

Answer 7

Chlorine

Question 8

When water undergoes electrolysis, what gases are given off

Answer 8

Oxygen and hydrogen

Question 9

What is a metal ore

Answer 9

A metal that has reacted with another element

Question 10

Explain the difference between oxidation and reduction

Answer 10

Oxidation is the gain of oxygen

Reduction is the loss of oxygen

Question 11

Name two ways in which metals are often extracted from their ores

Answer 11

Heating with carbon

Electrolysis

Question 12

What is bauxite

Answer 12

Is an aluminium ore, most common

Question 13

Why are metals high in the reactivity series more likely to corrode

Answer 13

Because they’re more likely to react with water and oxygen which is what causes rust

Question 14

Why are alloys harder than pure metals?

Answer 14

Because they have different sized molecules which create an irregular structure which means the layers don’t slip over each other

Question 15

Give three reasons why it’s good to recycle metals

Answer 15

Less energy needed to make them useful
Uses less money
Uses less resources

Question 16

What does crude oil consist of? What does fractional distillation do ?

Answer 16

Long chains of hydrocarbon molecules

Fractional distillation breaks down these long chains into smaller more useful ones

Question 17

What is produced in the complete combustion of hydrocarbons

Answer 17

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 18

Explain how incomplete combustion can be dangerous to humans

Answer 18

It produces carbon monoxide which if taken in combines irreversibly with haemoglobin in the red blood cells and decreases oxygen intake

Question 19

Give four things you might want to consider when deciding on the best fuel to use

Answer 19

Energy value
Ease of ignition
Ash and smoke
Storage

Question 20

What problems are associated with acid rain

Answer 20

Acidic lakes - killing plants and animals

Destruction of limestone building

Question 21

List three ways of reducing acid rain

Answer 21

Remove sulphur dioxide before burning
Catalytic converters
Reduce our usage

Question 22

What are greenhouse gases

Answer 22

Greenhouse gases are gases released that act like a natural insulation layer, they absorb heat that would normally be radiated into space and re-radiate it back to earth

Question 23

List two ways in which human activity is increasing carbon dioxide levels

Answer 23

More people

More burning of fossil fuels

Question 24

What are biofuels

Answer 24

Fuels made from the decomposition of dead organisms

Question 25

What are the reactants and products of fuel cells

Answer 25

Hydrogen and oxygen react to produce water

Question 26

Advantages and disadvantages of fuel cells

Answer 26

No nasty pollutants

Hydrogen is dangerous to store

Question 27

What is a calorimeter

Answer 27

A copper cup

Question 28

Say whether alkanes and alkenes have double bonds? How can you test this

Answer 28

Alkanes - single bonds, saturated, bromine water stays the same colour

Alkenes - double bonds, unsaturated, turns bromine water clear

Question 29

What is a monomer? What is a polymer?

Answer 29

A short chain of molecules

A long chain of monomers joined up

Question 30

Do acids have a pH greater or less than 7

Answer 30

Less than 7