topic 3 Flashcards
what is bubble sorting
it repeatedly steps through a list of data. switches them across if they are in wrong order. simple
how many passes does a bubble sort do
it does one for every time it swaps a number then one at the end to check if its in the right order
what is insertion sort
it compares a number with the number before in the array. if its greater stays. if lower compare with each number before that. smart
what is merge sort
splits the array in 2, puts them into pairs and compares them. sort looks at 2 pairs, first item in both pairs compared. then first item compared again then orders them. highly efficient
what is linear search
searching through a set of data, one after another until you find what you need.
what is binary search
only works if the data is in order
start search at middle and works out if its lower or higher. then halves that middle and does that same
what is malware
it is any software that can harm a computer or user
viruses, spyware, adware, pharming
what are viruses (malware) (standard, worm, trojan)
they are small programs to cause physical damage to a computer system.
standard virus - hide in files, replicate themselves to spread
worms virus - dont damage data they replicate themselves so pc slows down and stops
trojan virus - disguised as helpful programs but in background cause harm.
what are spyware (malware)
it spys on users and sends data back to hacker
key logger - records every key you hit
what are adware (malware)
doesn’t delete data but gives you ads and collects data about your online habits
what are pharming (malware)
every time you try and go to a site it redirects your IP from the DNS to another site
what is phishing
fake emails and shit
what is a brute force attack
a way to get a password by trial and error
what is a DOS
stop websites by using up lots of resources and stopping the website. done by using many computers to access the site
what is penetration testing
mimic these attacks to see if their security is safe
