Topic 2B - Working with Cells

Question 1

what can you see with transmission electron microscopy

Answer 1

cell cross section high resolution

Question 2

what is immunogold electron microscopy?

Answer 2

label cell with colloidal gold particles or other heavy metals and detect individual proteins with primary and secondary antibodies

Question 3

what can you see with scanning electron microscopy?

Answer 3

entire specimen can be put in microscope, directly produces image of 3D structure

Question 4

5 different strategies for cell sorting/ isolation of organelles, etc.

Answer 4

FACS< laser capture microdissection, centrifuge, column chromatography, epitope tagging

Question 5

biggest issue with cell culture

Answer 5

replicative senescence

Question 6

what does telomerase do?

Answer 6

helps to restore telomeres in an attempt to combat replicative cell senescence (but does not always work because of cell cycle checkpoints that keep count of number of replications)

Question 7

what are tumor-normal cell hybrids called?

Answer 7

hybridoma cells

Question 8

methods to make transgenic organisms

Answer 8

embryonic stem cells, CRISPR, agrobacterium for plants

Question 9

what are transgenic organisms useful for?

Answer 9

studying gene/ protein function on the cellular and whole organism level

Question 10

what is epitope tagging?

Answer 10

a known gene sequence gets a common tag attached to it

antibody can recognize it and can be used to purify protein by affinity chromatography

Question 11

gel-filtration chromatography sorts cells by…

Answer 11

size

Question 12

affinity chromatography sorts cells by…

Answer 12

affinity to the substrate in column matrix