Topic 2.2 AIS And Development Strategies Flashcards
How to obtain an AIS?
Purchasing
Developing
Outsource to outside organisation
What does purchasing an AIS involve?
- select a vendor
- request for proposal that meet needs
- evaluate proposals
- make a final selection
What are the types of software you can purchase?
- Off the shelf or canned software
- turnkey system
- hardware and software sold as a package
- application service provider
- MYOB, XERO
Developing software in house risk and advantages
Advantages
- Can make it to meet all the needs you require. Provides a significant competitive advantage
Risks
- requires a lot of time - complexity of the system - insufficient planning - lack of qualified staff - poor top management support
What is end user computing?
Refers to a system that non programmers can create working applications
What are the advantages and disadvantages of end user computing
Advantages
- more likely to meet user needs
- saves time
- frees up system resources
- easy to use and understand
Disadvantages
- lack of testing of application and possible calculation errors
- inefficient systems
- poorly controlled
- poorly documented
- duplication of data
What does outsourcing the system mean
Hiring outside firm to manage all or part of the data processing requirements
Started with applications such as payroll
Now whole accounting systems e.g smaller firms adopt applications like Xero
What are outsourcing advantages And disadvantages
Advantages
- allows companies to concentrate on core competencies
- improve asset utilisation
- access to greater expertise and better technology
- less development time
- facilitates down sizing
Disadvantages
- inflexibility
- loss of control
- locked in system
- poor service
- increased risk
What are the 3 types of methods to develop an AIS
Business process management
What are the four major components of business process management systems
- process engine to model and execute applications and business rules
- business analytics to identify issues, trends and opportunities
- collaboration tools to remove communication barriers
- content manager to store electronic electronic documents and images
Internal controls in BPMS
- BPMS uses an organisation’s business process rules to determine the correct person to preform a task and authorise that person to preform it
- separation of duties can also be improved
- reduces delays and costs by instantaneously transferring items needing approval to a manager
- built in audit trail.
- BPMS uses a proactive process management approach
Steps of Prototyping
A simplified model is developed
- identify basic requirements
- develop an initial prototype
- repeated iterations
- use the system
What are the advantages and disadvantages of prototyping
Advantages
- results in well defined user needs
- higher user satisfaction and involvement
- faster development
- fewer errors
- opportunities to suggest change
- less costly
Disadvantages
- requires significant user time
- resource efficiency may not be achieved
- inadequate testing and documentation
- negative behavioural reactions
- continuous development
What is CASE
Computer aided software engineering
Software to help plan, analysis, design, program, and maintain an information system
- strategic planning
- project and system management
- database design
- screen and report layout
- automatic code generation
What are the advantages and disadvantages of CASE
Advantages
- improved productivity
- improved program quality
- cost savings
- improved control procedures
- simplified documentation
Disadvantages
- Unmet expectations
- incompatibility with other systems