Topic 2 Research And Processimg Of Scientific Information Flashcards
Before any research project that must be a…
thorough knowledge of previous research findings
-> Even if the researcher formulates a basic idea, reviews of past studies will whelp the researched to clarify the idea and design the study
What is a literature review?
a SURVEY of SCHOLARLY SOURCES on a specific topic. It provides an overview of current knowledge, allowing you to identify relevant theories, methods, and gaps in the existing research
What kind of knowledge do I find in specific places
Google = general information
For: Books or chapters, Thesis, Literature Reviews, Empirical Research articles, Theory Articles
-> Cochrane
-> Google Scholar
-> PubMed
-> Scopus
-> Web of Science (Wos/)
-> American Psychological Association (PsycINFO)
Steps for a good literature review
1) Define the OBJECTIVE
2) Define the SEARCH STATEMENT
3) Select WHERE you are going to CONDUCT your search
4) Define the SEARCH STRATEGY
-> DESCRIPTORS (terms)
-> Boolean operators (and, or, not)
-> Truncators (*, ?, “”)
5) Execution of the search and review of the results
BOOLEAN OPERATOR - AND
Retrieves items that contains both terms
-> Narrowing or focusing search topic
violence AND PTSD
lower amount of results
BOOLEAN OPERATOR - OR
Retrieves items that contain either term
-> Expanding or broadening a search topic. -> Either search terms can be present in the results
violence OR PTSD
BOOLEAN OPERATOR - NOT
Retrieves items that contain only that contain only one term
-> To eliminate false hits
violence NOT PTSD
Searching scientific article with key words
Truncation * ($, “”)
-> every term that begins with this letters and its variants => interact* (most results 659,743)
Quotation marks “”
-> exact word => “global warming” (332,328 results) “global” (15 results)
Wildcard ?
-> Used in the middle of a word to retrieve variants => wom?n
Nesting or parentheses ()
-> Alternative to a database’s advanced search. To conduct complex searches combining boolean => (adolescent OR teenager) AND “eating disorder”
What do scientifically relevant literature in a source consist of?
-> last studies in field
-> ESTABLISHED schools of thoughts
->scholarly articles
-> scientific journals
the most promising papers to read are often those referenced in the relevant papers you have already found -> look in fields outside your discipline
What are the three pillars of science
KNOWLEDGE -> Communal collection of knowledge
METHOD -> a method of evaluating the efficacy of scientific theories by comparing the predictions of those theories to observation/experiment
ATTITUDE ->An attitude of skeptical inquiry and the belief that all scientific knowledge is provisional and subject to revision when confronted with new evidence
The scientific question
-> a q that may lead to a hypothesis and allow the answering through observation or experimentation
-> good q’s should have answers, be testable, lead to hypothesis that is falsifiable
When asking questions of science what are three that should always be looked at generally
-> what is the state of the art?
-> what gaps remain in the literature?
-> what are the areas that still need to be addressed>
Principle A BaN
Beneficence and Nonmalefience
-> P’s strive to BENEFIT those that they work with and be careful not to harm them
Principle B FaR
Fidelity and Responsiblity
-> P’s establish relationships of TRUST w/ those w/ whom they work
Principle C I
Integrity
-> P’s seek to promote accuracy, honesty, and truthfulness in the science, teaching, and practice of psychology