Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

chemistry > topic 2 recap Q. structure and bonding > Flashcards

topic 2 recap Q. structure and bonding Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

a shared pair of electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which type of atoms form covalent bonds?

A

non-metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

why do simple covalent substances not conduct electricity?

A

do not have delocalised electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

describe the structure and bonding of small molecules

A

small molecules with strong covalent bonds between the atoms and weak intermolecular forces between molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is an ion?

A

an atom that has lost or gained electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what charges do ions from group 1 and 2 form?

A

+1
+2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

why do small molecules have low melting points?

A

only a small amount of energy is needed to break the weak intermolecular forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what charges do ions from group 6 and 7 form?

A

2-
1-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name the force that holds oppositely charged ions together?

A

electrostatic forces of attraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which kinds of elements form ionic bonds?

A

metals and non-metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

describe the structure of a giant ionic lattice?

A

alternating positive and negative ions, held together by the electrostatic force of attraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why do ionic substances have high melting points?

A

the electrostatic force is strong and needs alot of energy to break

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why dont ionic substances conduct electricity when solid?

A

ions are in a fixed position so cannot move, and there are no delocalised electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

when can ionic substances conduct electricity?

A

when melted or dissolved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why do ionic substances conduct electricity when molten or dissolved?

A

ions are free to move and carry charges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe the structure of a pure metal?

A

strong electrostatic forces of attraction between metal ions and delocalised electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

describe the bonding of a pure metal

A

layers of positive metal ions surrounded by delocalised electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the four properties of pure metals?

A

malleable
high melting/boiling point
good conductors of electricity
good conductors of thermal energy

19
Q

explain why alloys are harder then pure metals

A

different sized atoms disturb the layers which prevents them from sliding over each other

20
Q

explain why pure metals are malleable

A

layers can slide

21
Q

explain why metals have high melting and boiling points

A

electrostatic forces of attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons is strong

22
Q

why are metals good conductors of electricity?

A

delocalised electrons are free to move and carry charge

23
Q

why are metals good conductors of thermal energy?

A

delocalised electrons are free to move and transfer thermal energy

24
Q

what is an alloy?

A

a mixture of a metal with another element

25
Q

describe the structure and bonding of a giant covalent substances

A

billions of atoms bonded together by strong covalent bonds

26
Q

describe the structure and bonding of polymers

A

many identical molecules joined together by strong covalent bonds in a long chain, with weak intermolecular forces between the chains

27
Q

why do giant covalent substances have high melting points

A

it takes alot of energy to break the strong covalnt bonds

28
Q

explain why graphite is soft

A

layers are not bonded so they can slide over each other

29
Q

why do large molecules have higher melting and boiling points than small molecules?

A

the intermolecular forces are stronger

29
Q

why do most covalent substances not conduct electricity?

A

they do not have delocalised electrons or ions

30
Q

describe the structure and bonding in graphite?

A

each carbon atom is bonded to 3 others in a hexagonal ring arranged in layers.
each atom delocalises one electron and the forces between layers are weak

31
Q

why can graphite conduct electricity

A

1 delocalised electron per carbon

32
Q

what is graphene

A

one layer of graphite

33
Q

give two properties of graphene

A

strong
conducts electricity

34
Q

what is fullerene?

A

hollow cage of carbon atoms arranged in a sphere or tube

35
Q

what is a nanotube?

A

hollow cylinder of carbon atoms

36
Q

how big are nanoparticles?

A

1-100 nm

37
Q

give two properties of nanotubes

A

high tensile strength
conduct electricity

38
Q

how are nanomaterials different from bulk materials?

A

nanomaterials have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio

39
Q

what is the relationship between side length and surface area-to-volume ratio?

A

as the side length decreases by a factor of 10 the surface area-to-volume increases by a factor of 10

40
Q

what are nanoparticles use for?

A

healthcare
electronics
cosmetics
catalysts

41
Q

how big are fine particles?

A

100-2500 nm

42
Q

give 3 uses of fullerenes

A

lubricants
drug delivery
electronics

43
Q

how big are course particles?

A

2.5 x 10-6 to 1 x 10-5

chemistry (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions