Topic 2 - (reactions) Flashcards

1
Q

What does the law of conservation of mass mean?

A

That mass is never lost or gained in chemical reactions

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2
Q

If the ………. is a gas, you will observe a mass increase

A

reactant

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3
Q

If the ………. is a gas, you will observe a mass decrease

A

Product

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4
Q

What is combustion?

A

When a fuel reacts with oxygen to release energy

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5
Q

What are 3 things needed to make a combustion?

A
  • fuel
  • heat
  • oxygen
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6
Q

What is oxidation?

A

When a substance reacts and combines with oxygen

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7
Q

Combustion is a type of ………… reaction

A

Oxidation

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8
Q

What is the equation of rusting?

A

Iron + oxygen - iron oxide (rust)

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9
Q

What is iron oxide?

A

Rust

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10
Q

Exothermic reactions….

A

Release heat

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11
Q

Endothermic reactions….

A

Take in heat

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12
Q

Which reactions are exothermic?

A

Neutralisation and oxidation

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13
Q

Which reactions are more common? Exothermic or endothermic?

A

Exothermic

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14
Q

Which reactions are also endothermic reactions?

A

Thermal decomposition reactions

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15
Q

What is a thermal decomposition reaction?

A

A reaction that uses heat to break down a substance into smaller molecules

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16
Q

What is an example of a thermal decomposition reaction?

A

CaCO3 - CaO + CO2

Making lime from lime water!

17
Q

What do carbonates produce when they decompose?

A

Carbon dioxide

18
Q

Name 3 uses of thermal decomposition reactions

A
  • Making lime from lime water
  • Extracting Mercury
  • Thermal cracking
19
Q

What is a precipitation reaction?

A

A reaction in which a solid is made

20
Q

What is the precipitate in a reaction?

21
Q

What does the state symbol (aq) mean?

A

Dissolved into solution

22
Q

What do reactions involve?

A

A transfer in energy

23
Q

What is an example of a precipitation reaction? And what is the precipitate

A

Potassium iodide (aq) + lead nitrate (aq) - potassium nitrate (aq) + lead iodide (s)

Precipitate: LEAD IODIDE (s)

24
Q

What is CaCO3?

25
What is iron oxide? ( FeO)
Rust
26
In a chemical reaction, WHY is there no change in mass?
Because you can’t create or destroy atoms
27
What can oxidation reactions be used to make?
Acids and bases
28
What is an example of an endothermic reaction?
- Sodium hydrogen carbonate + hydrochloric acid | - photosynthesis