Topic 2: Organisation Flashcards
1
Q
Describe the route taken by oxygenated blood from the lungs to the blood
A
- blood travels through pulmonary vein
- blood enters left atrium
- blood enters left ventricle
- blood leaves heart via the aorta
2
Q
Explain how the human circulatory system is adapted to supply oxygen to tissues and remove waste products from tissues
A
- double circulatory system which means it has higher blood pressure and has a greater flow of blood
- heart made of specialise muscle cells which have long protein filaments that can slide past each other to shorten the cell to bring about contraction for blood
-heart pumps blood to lungs via pulmonary vein so oxygen diffuse into blood from air in alveoli
3
Q
Describe how ions, water and sugar are obtained and transported through the plant
A
- take up by diffusion- area of high to low concentration
- taken up active transport- area of low to high
- travels in xylem to leaves or from roots/ soil
- taken up by osmosis- area of low to high
-travels in xylem to leaves or from roots - transpiration stream movement replaces water as it evaporates from leaves
- in xylem
-made during photosynthesis
- travels in the phloem
- to other parts of the plants/ travels up and down
4
Q
Describe the structure of the leaf and the functions of the tissues in the leaf
A
5
Q
Different parts of the human digestive system help to break down molecules of fat so that they can be absorbed in to the body. Describe how
A
- mechanical breakdown in mouth/stomach
- fats break down into fatty acids and glycerol
- by lipase produced by pancreas and small intestine
fat digestion occurs in small intestine - bile produced by liver
- neutralises acid from stomach
- produces alkaline conditions in intestine
-increases surface area related to emulsification - products are small molecules and absorbed by small intestine
6
Q
Why might a transplanted organ be rejected?
A
immune system produces antibodies which attack antigens on the transplanted organ
