Topic 2 Molecular Genetics: Basics

Question 1

• A, T, C, G; the hereditary information of the cell; contains a double helix with major and minor grooves

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

• Consists of 5’ to 3’ phosphodiester bonds to form a sugar- phosphate backbone

Answer 2

DNA Backbone

Question 3

• A, U, C, G; has functional usage in the cell; varies per type (mRNA is linear, tRNA is in a clover shape, while rRNA is globular)

Answer 3

RNA

Question 4

• Begins at origins of replication in the middle of a DNA molecule

Answer 4

DNA Replication

Question 5

• DNA strands separate to form replication bubbles that expand in both directions. As thousands of these bubbles open up, replication speeds up and 3 billion base pairs can be replicated.
• Prokaryotes have one origin of replication while eukaryotes have multiple origins of replication

Answer 5

Note