topic 2 environmental cycles

Question 1

the water cycle

Answer 1

the cycling of water through the lithosphere, biosphere and atmosphere by solar energy

Question 2

transpiration

Answer 2

water vapour
- Water is absorbs ed by plants from the soil through their roots. The water travels up the stem of the plant to the leaves. The water is released into the atmosphere through stomata

Question 3

condensation

Answer 3

Cooling of water vapor (gas) in atmosphere. Water vapor condenses into water droplets (liquid) – forming clouds

Question 4

precipitation

Answer 4

Drops of water formed by condensation fall to earth. Can fall as rain, snow or hail

Question 5

surface run off

Answer 5

-Refers to the movement of water over the land surface
- Run off ends up in streams, rivers, lakes and oceans. Can transport sediment, nutrients and pollutants to the other areas

Question 6

infiltration

Answer 6

Precipitation tat falls onto land can soak into the soil refilling groundwater sources

Question 7

ground water flow

Answer 7

Water the infiltrates into the soil becomes groundwater which slowly moves through underground aquifers

Question 8

percolation

Answer 8

The movement of water through soil or rock

Question 9

aquifer

Answer 9

body of rock and/or sediment that holds groundwater

Question 10

evaporation

Answer 10

The sun heats a body of water such as the ocean or lakes and rivers. Causes water to change from liquid to water vapor and rise into the atmosphere

Question 11

freezing

Answer 11

Converts liquid water into solid water from the liquid state. Acts as water storage. Water is removed from the water cycle until melted.

Question 12

melting

Answer 12

Conversion between ice and snow to liquid water. After melting snow, ice refills rivers lakes and oceans

Question 13

deposition

Answer 13

Transforms water vapor into ice. Forming ice snow and glaciers

Question 14

volcanic eruptions

Answer 14

release large amounts carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

Question 15

carbon sequestration

Answer 15

• plants take carbon dioxide to use in photosynthesis
• phytoplankton and other marine organisms take in carbon through photosynthesis
• oceans dissolve carbon dioxide
• co2 combines with the water and forms calcium formation of calcium carbonate

Question 16

cellular respiration

Answer 16

• animas eat plants and take in o2 to power CR and then release co2 into the atmosphere
• works with photosynthesis to act as carbon transfer between organisms

Question 17

photosynthesis

Answer 17

• plant cells absorb solar energy, carbon dioxide and water then converts them into water glucose and oxygen
• works with CR to act as carbon transfer between organisms