Topic 2: Elements, Compunds and Mixtures Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of an element?

A

An element is a substance that consists of only one type of atom. Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

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2
Q

What is the definition of a compound?

A

A compound is a substance that consists of two or more different elements chemically joined together

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3
Q

What is the definition of a mixture?

A

A mixture consists of two or more substances that are usually easy to separate

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4
Q

Aluminium: Element, Compound or Mixture?

A

Element

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5
Q

Sodium chloride (salt): Element, Compound or Mixture?

A

Compound

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6
Q

Carbon dioxide: Element, Compound or Mixture?

A

Compound

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7
Q

Lead: Element, Compound or Mixture?

A

Element

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8
Q

Rock salt: Element, Compound or Mixture?

A

Mixture

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9
Q

Sugar solution: Element, Compound or Mixture?

A

Mixture

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10
Q

What does soluble mean?

A

A solid that dissolves easily in a liquid solvent eg. Sugar, salt

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11
Q

What does insoluble mean?

A

A solid that does not dissolve easily in a liquid solvent eg. Sand

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12
Q

What does solute mean?

A

A solid that dissolves. This is a substance that changes its state during a dissolving process

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13
Q

What does solvent mean?

A

This is a substance that does not change its state during a dissolving process

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14
Q

What does solution mean?

A

A mixture containing the solute and solvent

Solution = solute + solvent

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15
Q

What does residue mean?

A

Solid particles trapped in filter paper eg. Sand

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16
Q

What does filtrate mean?

A

Liquid particles that pass through the filter paper

17
Q

What does distillate mean?

A

The liquid that condenses during distillation and is collected

18
Q

What does miscible mean?

A

A liquid that mixes easily in another liquid eg. Ethanol and water

19
Q

What does immiscible mean?

A

A liquid that does not mix easily in another liquid eg. Oil and water

20
Q

What are the benefits of mass Spectroscopy?

A

> Fast analysis
Results can be linked to database to
identify substance

21
Q

What are the drawbacks of using Mass Spectroscopy?

A

> Expensive equipment
Presence of isotopes leads to more than
one peak

22
Q

What are the benefits of using HPLC?

A

> Fast
Accurate
Use only minute samples

23
Q

What are the drawbacks of using HPLC?

A

> Sample must be a liquid

> Expensive

24
Q

What is the equation for working out relative atomic mass?

A

Mass x abundance / total abundance

eg. (20 x 10) + (80 x 11) / 100 < (always the
total)

25
Is milk a mixture or a compound?
A mixture
26
Is ice a mixture or a compound?
A compound
27
Is orange juice a mixture or a compound?
A mixture
28
Is air a mixture or a compound?
A mixture
29
Is paint a mixture or a compound?
A mixture
30
Fractional distillation would be used to separate...
...two liquids with different boiling points
31
Water is not suitable for dissolving in water. This means that oil is....
....immiscible in water