Topic 2 - Egyptian Religion Flashcards
Where did the Egyptian Religion Arise?
Death industry
1) Raw materials
2) Towns that worked for Pharoah
3) 1/4 town worked for Pharoah during off farming season
What is the significance of west?
Land of the dead - sun sets in the west
What is the significance of east?
Land of the living - sun rises in the east
What is the difference between natural and artificial mummification?
Natural - no chemicals, sand dried out fluid
Artificial - using chemicals
Why were portraits in 2D?
So souls can find their body, and having a 2D portrait will better indicate the proportions of the person
Who is Ra?
Father of all creation, Sun god
What kind of head did Ra have? What was the significance?
Ra had a falcon head, falcon’s are known to fly high, which represented Ra
What is the Route to Judgement Ceremony?
1) Coffin faces east
2) Find back up aka hieroglyphs
3) Cross the Nile River
4) Hall of two Truths
What happens in the Hall of Two truths?
1) 42 gods are on the jury
2) Must be able to name all 42 gods
3) Weighing of the heart ceremony. The heart needs to balance with an ostrich feather (represents truth)
Who is Anubis?
God of mummification/embalming. Jackal head
Who is Ammit?
Will eat heart if heart and feather does not balance. Only god that is not half human. Has a crocodile head, cheetah body and hippo hump
What does Zoolatry mean?
Full animal form - fear and fear of death
What does Anthromorphism mean?
Half animal, half human - overcame fear
Who is God of Thorth?
Records court proceedings, has a bird’s head
Who is Osiris?
Lord of the Underworld
Who is Ma’at?
Represented by ostrich feather - is the true, order, justice and harmony
Who is Isfet?
He is the chaos, disharmony, falseness/lies, is extremely difficult
How do you cheat death?
Eye of Horus - placed over amulet for witness of good deeds
What is the first step of mummification?
Wash the body (downstream from settlement), body stretched out on bier
What is the second step of mummification?
Removal of internal organs and brains only organ left was the heart
What was the Black Land?
Fertile land after the floods, crops were grown here
What was the Red Land?
Provided the Egyptians with barrier from invaders (protection), desert, tombs were built here. Salt lake here for natron (mummify)
