Topic 2 Development Dynamics Flashcards
What is meant by a countries GDP per capita ?
GDP per capita is Gross Domestic Product per head of the population- it’s the total value of goods and services that a country produces in a year, divided by the population.
Give an example of an index used for measuring levels of political corruption ?
Corruption Perception Index (CDI)
How is development defined in economic terms ? What about in social terms ?
In economic terms, development means progress in how wealthy a country is, whereas in social terms, development means an improvement in people’s standard of living.
What is the human development index (HDI) ?
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a measure of development.IT combines income, life expectancy and education level to give a score between 0 and 1.
What is maternal mortality rate ?
How is it affected by development ?
Maternal mortality rate is the number of women who die due to problems related to pregnancy per hundred thousand live births. It usually decreases as a country develops, as pregnant women have access to better healthcare and nutrition.
Give two examples of environmental factors that negatively affect development ?
Poor climate and steep topography- they both prevent a country from producing enough food, and steep topography also makes it difficult to develop infrastructure.
What is meant by neo-colonialism ?
Neo-colonialism is used to describe how, after colonies gained their independence, richer countries have continued to control them indirectly, e.g. by offering conditional loans.
How can a country’s relations with other countries affect its level of development ?
Countries with good international relations are more likely to get good trade agreements and loans from international organisations, both of which can help them to develop.
Explain a social cause of uneven development ?
In some poorer countries, lack of clean water and poor health care mean that many people suffer from diseases such as malaria and cholera. People who are ill and can’t work, so they’re not contributing to the economy, meaning there’s less money for development.
How can an authoritarian government affect a country’s development ?
Countries that were colonised are often at a lower level of development when they gain independence than they would be if they hadn’t been colonised. Colonising countries are better off, having made profits by removing colonies’ raw materials. Overcoming this inequality can take many decades, and is held back by neo-colonialism.
True or false? Wealth is fairly evenly distributed across all countries in the world.
False, it’s very uneven- just a few rich countries own most of the world’s wealth.
Suggest one way that global inequality could cause life expectancy to be lower in developing countries than in developed countries.
People in developing countries are at higher risk for many diseases than people in developed countries, because they have poorer access to healthcare. This leads to lower life expectancies in developing countries.
What impact does global inequality have on education?
Devloping countries tend to have a poorer standard of education, as they can’t afford to invest as much in education as richer countries. They might also have lower levels of education attainment, as poorer people may not be abke to afford school fees, or children may have to work to support their families instead of attending school.
Put these stages of Rostow’s modernisation theory in the right order:
a) Drive to maturity
b) Take-off
c) Mass consumption
b,a,c
The last three stages of Rostow’s model are:
“Take off”, “drive to maturity” and “Mass consumption”
Name the other two stages from Rostow’s theory.
The first two stages are “traditional society” and “preconditions for take-off”.
