topic 2 - booklet information

Question 1

define DNA?

Answer 1

a type of nucleic acid

Question 2

name the four nitrogenous bases of DNA?

Answer 2

Guanine
Adenine
Cytosine
Thymine

Question 3

describe the structure of DNA ?

Answer 3

two helix structures- two strands in a spiral

Question 4

define gene ?

Answer 4

a section of DNA that codes for a polypeptide

Question 5

what does the term ‘anti-parallel’ referee to?

Answer 5

two molecules that are side to side but run in opposite directions

Question 6

how many strands make up a DNA double helix ?

Answer 6

two strands wind round each other

Question 7

when and why do cells duplicate their DNA?

Answer 7

before replication to ensure daughter cells get a copy of the genome

Question 8

what is the pentose sugar found in DNA?

Answer 8

deoxyriboe

Question 9

what is the name of the strong bonds formed between adjacent nucleotides in a polynucleotide?

Answer 9

phosphodiester bonds

Question 10

what is a hydrogen bond?

Answer 10

a weak bond between hydrogen and another element

Question 11

what sugar is present in DNA ?

Answer 11

deoxyribose

Question 12

what sugar is present in RNA?

Answer 12

Ribose

Question 13

what do the sugars in both DNA and RNA have in common?

Answer 13

both pentose sugars

Question 14

what bases are present in RNA?

Answer 14

guanine, cytosine, adenine, uracil

Question 15

how many strands are in DNA?

Answer 15

2 strands

Question 16

how many strands are in RNA?

Answer 16

1 strand