Topic 2: Bones (study flash cards)
What are FIVE (5) different types of BONES found in animals?
LONG
FLAT
COMPACT
IRREGULAR
SPONGY
+
SHORT bones (bonus point)
A LONG bone is a bone that has a….
SHAFT
TWO ENDS
A CORTEX
& MEDULLARY cavity
FLAT bones are bones that are made up of…
2 layers of COMPACT bone
with
a layer of SPONGY bone between
What is the TOUGH FIBROUS MEMBRANE that covers all bones?
PERIOSTEUM
Where is SPONGY bone found?
In the end of LONG BONES
And
In the core of SHORT & FLAT bones
What are 4 examples of LONG bones?
FEMUR
TIBIA
RADIUS
ULNA
What is the CLASSIC WHITE HARD bone found in the OUTER layer of bones called?
COMPACT bone
Where is COMPACT bone found?
In the OUTER layer of bones
What is an example of an IRREGULAR BONE?
VERTEBRAE
What bones are SIMILAR in structure to Irregular bones?
SHORT bones
SHORT bones are equal in what?
WIDTH &
LENGTH
What are examples of SHORT bones?
CARPAL &
TARSAL bones
What are 4 examples of FLAT bones?
RIBS
SCAPULA
PELVIS
SKULL
The SKELETAL system also functions as a mineral store for which 2 minerals?
CALCIUM
&
PHOSPHORUS
What is SPONGEY bone filled with?
BLOOD
&
FAT
(Also referred to as RED MARROW)
SPONGEY bone is also known as/ refereed to as?
CANCELLOUS bone
List 4 FUNCTIONs of the SKELETAL system?
- Provide SUPPORT
- PROTECT internal organs
- Enable MOVEMENT
- Leverage & point of attachment for muscle
Which bones classically have GROWTH PLATES at either end?
LONG bones
When do growth plates close?
At MATURITY
WHY are growth plates a weak point in young animals?
Contain a lot of CARTILAGE,
Which is weaker than bone.
