topic 2: bonding in elements 1-20

Question 1

lithium, beryllium, sodium, magnesium, aluminium, potassium, calcium all show what type of bonding and structure

Answer 1

metallic

Question 2

phosphorus 4, sulphur 8 and fullerenes all show what type of bonding and structure

Answer 2

covalent molecular solid

Question 3

hydrogen 2, nitrogen 2, oxygen 2, fluorine 2 and chlorine 2 all show what type of bonding and structure

Answer 3

covalent molecular gasses

Question 4

silicon, boron, carbon (as diamond or graphite) all show what type of bonding and structure

Answer 4

covalent network

Question 5

noble gasses all show what type of bonding and structure

Answer 5

monatomic

Question 6

how are LDFs formed

Answer 6

for a fraction of a second due to the random movement of electrons, one part of the atom can become slightly positive and another part can become slightly negative. this results in a temporary dipole

Question 7

what is the strength of an LDF dependant on

Answer 7

the number of electrons in an atom or molecule

Question 8

describe bonding in metals

Answer 8

the metal atoms’ outer electrons are weakly held by the nucleus so they dissociate (move away) easily, leaving a lattice of positive metal ions surrounded by a sea of delocalised electrons

Question 9

which elements exist as discrete covalent molecules

Answer 9

hydrogen, nitrogen, fluorine, oxygen, iodine, chlorine, bromine

(Have No Fear Of Ice CoLd BeeR)

Question 10

what is a covalent bond

Answer 10

the electrostatic force of attraction between a shared electron and the 2 positive nuclei of the electrons shared atoms