Topic 2: Biology of Insects Flashcards

1
Q

ECDYSIS

A
  1. exoskeleton
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2
Q

MOLTING

A
  1. shedding of the exoskeleton
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3
Q

APOLYSIS

A
  1. separation of old exoskeleton from underlying epidermis
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4
Q

INSTAR

A
  1. growth stage between each molt
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5
Q

STADIUM

A
  1. duration of an instar
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6
Q

STAGES IN DEVELOPMENT OF AN INSECT

A
  1. egg
  2. immature stages
  3. pupa
  4. adult stages
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7
Q

EGG

A
  1. development from a noncellular zygote into a cellular embryo
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8
Q

IMMATURE STAGES

A
  1. feeding stage
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9
Q

LARVA

A
  1. immature stage of holometabolous insects
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10
Q

TYPES OF LARVA

A
  1. polypod
  2. oligopod
  3. apodous
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11
Q

LARVA: POLYPOD

A
  1. short thoracic leges
  2. abdominal prolegs
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12
Q

LARVA: OLIGOPODS

A
  1. lack abdominal prolegs
  2. functional thoracic legs
  3. prognathous mouthparts
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13
Q

LARVA: APODOUS

A
  1. lack true legs
  2. worm-like
  3. live in soil, mud, or within bodies of other organisims (parasitoids)
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14
Q

NYMPH

A
  1. immature stages of paurometabolous insects
  2. never enters pupal stage
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15
Q

PUPA

A
  1. stage of tissue reorgonization
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16
Q

TYPES OF PUPA

A
  1. decticous
  2. adecticous
17
Q

PUPA: DECTICOUS

A
  1. movable mandibles
18
Q

PUPA: ADECTICOUS

A
  1. non-movable mandible
  2. could be exarate or obtect
19
Q

ADECTICOUS PUPA: EXARATE

A
  1. appendages project freely from body
20
Q

ADECTICOUS PUPA: OBTECT

A
  1. appendages cemented to body
  2. cuticle is heavily sclerotized
21
Q

PUPA: PHARATE

A
  1. special type of pupa
  2. mobile
  3. aquatic
  4. mosquitoes (Diptera) or caddisflies (Trichoptera)
22
Q

ADULT STAGE

A
  1. responsible for reproduction
  2. dispersal stage
23
Q

METAMORPHOSIS

A
  1. animal develops physically after birth
  2. abrupt changes in body structure
  3. changes in nutritional source and behavior
24
Q

SOURCE OF METAMORPHOSIS

A
  1. hormonal control
  2. through spatial and temporal patterns of hormonal expression
25
Q

JUVENILES

A
  1. immature stage
26
Q

OTHER REPRODUCTION IN INSECTS

A
  1. bisexual
  2. parthenogenesis
  3. polyembryony
  4. paedogenesis
27
Q

BISEXUAL REPRODUCTION

A
  1. male and female mate
  2. oviparity: female produce and lay eggs
  3. viviparity: female produce eggs and lay live young
28
Q

PARTHENOGENESIS

A
  1. reproduction without fertilization of egg cells
  2. aphids in tropics; temperate countries during summer
29
Q

POLYEMBRYONY

A
  1. more than one young hatch from one egg
  2. braconid wasp (hymenoptera)
30
Q

PAEDOGENESIS

A
  1. larva also reproduces
  2. hymenoptera