Topic 2 - Atomic Structure

Question 1

Emission spectra

Answer 1

The characteristic line spectrum that occurs as a result of energy being released by individual elements (burning).
Coloured lines (spectra) on a black background.

Question 2

Absorption Spectra

Answer 2

The characteristic line spectrum that occurs as a result of energy being absorbed by individual elements.
Black lines on a continuum (coloured) background.

Question 3

Atomic number

Answer 3

Number of protons in the nucleus

Question 4

Mass number

Answer 4

Number of (protons and neutrons) in the nucleus

Question 5

Aufbau principle

Answer 5

Lowest energy levels are filled first

Question 6

Hund’s principle

Answer 6

Orbitals within the same sub-shell are filled singly first.

Question 7

First Ionisation energy

Answer 7

Energy required to remove one mole of electrons from an atom in its gaseous state

Question 8

Isotopes

Answer 8

Atoms that contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 9

Orbital

Answer 9

A region of space around the nucleus of an atom that is occupied by electrons at any given time

Question 10

Relative abundance

Answer 10

The percentage of natural occurring isotope of an element.

Question 11

Relative atomic mass

Answer 11

The weighted average of all the naturally occurring isotopes of the element relative to 12C. No units

Question 12

Valence Electrons

Answer 12

The electrons in the highest main energy level