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GCSE Business > Topic 2 > Flashcards

Topic 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Human Resources department (HR)?

A

A group of people who look after the employees of a business. E.g hiring training.

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2
Q

What is the purpose of HR?

A

-To recruit new employees
-organising training for new employees
-Make sure employees are happy

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3
Q

Why is it important for a business to look after employees?

A

-so they’re more productive
-good reputation
-employee retention
-good feedback

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4
Q

What is organisational structure?

A

The way that employees and their job roles are organised in a business.

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5
Q

Why do we have a structure?

A

-To organise what they do
-Clear structure makes it easier to see who has which job role
-make communication easier

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6
Q

What is span of control?

A

The number of subordinates that a person has control of.

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7
Q

What is a subordinate?

A

An employee who is lower in rank or job position than their manager.

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8
Q

What is delegation?

A

Where a task is given to a subordinate employee in the hierarchy.

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9
Q

What is authority?

A

When someone gives an employee the power to make decisions.

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10
Q

What is chain of command?

A

This is the flow of information and communication through the business.

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11
Q

What is tall structure?

A

-where each superior is responsible for a few subordinates
-many layers in the hierarchy
-narrow span of control
-long chain of command

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12
Q

What are some advantages of tall structure?

A

-lots of opportunities for promotion due to many layers
-small span of control so they can get to know their subordinates
-delegate the right tasks and make sure their team is well trained

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13
Q

What are disadvantages or tall structure?

A

-long chain of command can mean that the communication is slow
-expensive as there are more managers and supervisors
-long time for decisions to be made

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14
Q

What is flat structure?

A

-each superior is responsible for a large number of subordinates
-wide span of control
-short chain of command
-less layers in the hierarchy

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15
Q

What are advantages of flat structure?

A

-fewer layers of hierarchy means communication is fast
-lots of delegation means that staff are given greater responsibility
-workers know where to talk to due to less layers

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16
Q

What’s the most recent law that stops discrimination when hiring employees?

A

-Equality act 2010

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17
Q

What’s the minimum days off per year an employee is entitled to?

A

-28 days a year

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18
Q

What are disadvantages of flat structure?

A

-managers can be overworked causing stress and demotivation

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19
Q

What is full time work?

A

A person who works 35 hours or more a week

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20
Q

What’s the maximum hours an employee can be required work per week? (Not including overtime)

A

-48 hours a week

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21
Q

What are benefits of full- time work?

A

-less spent on recruitment
-less spent on training
-reduced span of control

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22
Q

What are drawbacks of full- time work?

A

-workers may feel overworked
-limited number of skills
-more money spent on wages

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23
Q

What is part time work?

A

Someone who works less than 35 hours a week

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24
Q

What are benefits of part time work?

A

-keeping valued workers
-increased flexibility
-reduced absenteeism

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25
Q

What are some benefits of staff development and business

A

-Higher productivity
-Higher quality of work
-Employees make less mistakes

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26
Q

What are drawbacks of part time work?

A

-higher recruitment costs
-time consuming
-larger span of control for managers

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27
Q

What are staff development types?

A

-On the job
•Apprentice
-Off the job
•Training centre

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28
Q

What is zero- hour contacts?

A

-an employee is not set an amount of hours to work a week. Some weeks they may not work at all, some weeks they may work 40 hours

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29
Q

What is self- employment?

A

-tend to be freelance

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30
Q

What are benefits of self- employment and zero- hour contracts?

A

-decide when and where they work
-don’t have to pay expenses all the time
-skilled in the sector

31
Q

What are drawbacks of self- employment and zero- hour contracts?

A

-can be irregular work
-they don’t have to turn up to work

32
Q

What is temporary working?

A

-an employee who works certain periods of a year E.g. cover teachers

33
Q

What is on the job Training and how does it work?

A

-An apprenticeship
-When employee gets trained from another employee who is already in the business

34
Q

What are benefits of temporary working?

A

-more flexible for both employee and business
-only increase wage expenses at certain points of a year

35
Q

What are drawbacks of temporary working?

A

-reduced job security for employees
-time needed to train
-reduced chance of gaining skilled workers

36
Q

What’s off the job training and how does it work?

A

-When a trainee goes to a specialist training centre to learn about their job

37
Q

What is flexible working?

A

A way of working that suits an employees needs e.g having flexible start and finish times

38
Q

What is working when mobile?

A

The ability to continue to work whilst on the move e.g builder, electrician

39
Q

What’s an induction day?

A

-When a new employee goes in for a day just to have a look at how everything works and to get to know people

40
Q

What is working from home?

A

The ability to work from home rather than travelling into the workplace

41
Q

Why does a business train their workers?

A

-More efficient and faster
-Don’t have to employ new people (employee retention)
-Helps the company to grow

42
Q

Benefits of working from home, working when mobile, flexible working

A

-job sharing so business will be able to retain workers.
-workers more motivated due to freedom.
-save costs from rent and utility bills.

43
Q

Drawbacks of working from home, working when mobile, flexible working

A

-workers may need supervision to ensure high productivity.
-harder to communicate.

44
Q

What is employee retention?

A

-How long an employee stays in the company

45
Q

What is communication?

A

The exchange of ideas from one person to another- requires a sender and a receiver.

46
Q

Why does employee retention do?

A

-Train less employees / cheaper
-Workers stay in the company longer do more experienced

47
Q

What is internal communication?

A

Between people who work in the same organisation

48
Q

What is external communication?

A

Between people in and out of the business

49
Q

What is formal communication?

A

Using official channels e.g letter, reports

50
Q

What is informal communication?

A

Just as important as formal e.g a conversation

51
Q

What is the benefits of motivation?

A

-More efficient
-Higher quality
-Higher satisfaction

52
Q

List some types of communication

A

-letter
-email
-text
-social media

53
Q

What’s the drawbacks of motivation?

A

-Employees might rush
-Can cause argument’s

54
Q

What’s the definition of motivation?

A

The drive/desire to achieve a goal with a benefit attached

55
Q

What is oral communication?

A

This allows for immediate communication e.g face to face meetings and presentations, telephone

56
Q

What are the types of financial motivation?

A

-Bonus
-Pay rise
-Profit sharing
-Fridge benefits

57
Q

Advantages of verbal communication

A

-the person can check that the message has been understood by asking for feedback
-the speaker can use diagrams, pictures and slides to help explain something

58
Q

Disadvantages of verbal communication

A

-if there are a lot of people listening to a message it may not be clear that they all have heard or understood it
-if the receiver of the message doesn’t like what they hear they may disrupt the meeting

59
Q

What are the types of non-financial motivation

A

-Praise
-Awards (Employee of the month)
-Better working environment

60
Q

Advantages of written communication

A

-there is a record of the message
-a written message can avoid confrontation

61
Q

Disadvantages of written communication

A

-emails may get lost in spam
-the success of the message depends on how clearly it’s been written

62
Q

What is visual or non verbal communication?

A

This is likely to be combined with oral or written communication.

63
Q

What are the 7 steps of recruitment?

A

1.Identifying a vacancy
2.Writing a job description
3.Write a person specification
4.Advertise
5.Shortlist the candidates
6.Interview
7.Appoint the new job

64
Q

Advantages of communication through social media

A

-there are a huge number of users
-information can be updated regularly

65
Q

Disadvantages of communication through social media

A

-social media has to be managed- updating and feeding back regularly
-it can be different to measure the effect liveliness of they business

66
Q

What are the different methods of selection?

A

-Group activities
-Tests
-Interviews
-Curriculum vitae (CV)
-letter of application

67
Q

Advantages of using websites

A

-sales can be made online
-websites open 24/7

68
Q

Disadvantages of using websites

A

-risk of website crashing
-a business can receive a lot spam

69
Q

What are impacts of poor communication?

A

-reduced efficiency
-reduced productivity
-increased mistakes made
-reduced quality
-low motivation
-increased absenteeism

70
Q

What’s internal recruitment?

A

When the company hires someone from inside the company

71
Q

What’s external recruitment?

A

When the company hires from outside of their business

72
Q

What’s a person specification?

A

Something the business writes to show what kind of person they are looking for a job

73
Q

What a job specification?

A

A job specification describes what the job will involve doing and other things like hours working

GCSE Business (3 decks)

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