Topic 2 Flashcards
Germ Theory discovered?
Discovered 1861 by Louis Pasteur
Four basic principles of Germ Theory
Air contained living Microorganisms
Microorganisms are not even distributed in air
Microorganisms in air caused decay
Microorganisms in the air can be killed by heating them
What did Germ theory lead to
Discovery of vaccines in 30 years time
Made links between health and hygiene
Allowed JOSEPH LISTER to develop antiseptic techniques
Who is Joseph Lister
Discovered Carbolic acid kills microorganisms, an antiseptic
Reasons for opposition to carbolic acid
Spray made equipment slippery
Spray made hands cracked and sore
Many didn’t accept Pasteur’s ideas so they deemed Lister’s ideas useless too
Doctors didn’t feel like it - too much work to apply
Lister often experimented a lot so people didn’t think he knew what he was doing
Who is Joseph Balzagette
Cheif Engineer for london sewer system
Features of sewers
Large, oval shape (sewage gets stuck less)
Sewer was designed to bring sewers to lower side of Thames and out to the sea
VERY EXPENSIVE AND TOOK VERY LONG TIME (6.5 million pounds spent)
‘Laissez-Faire’
Government would not get involved in change
1866 Sanitary Act
All towns had to employ inspectors to check on water quality
1875 Public Health Act
FORCED parliament:
Supply of clean water
Dealing with seweage and drinking water
Made public toilets
Ensuring housing was up to standard
Checking quality of food
Creating street lighting
