Topic 2

Question 1

Describe what a cell membrane is and its function

Answer 1

Acts as a protective barrier for animal cells, allows the transport of materials into and waste out of the cell, and because the outer layer has receptor proteins it is important for communication of the cell

Question 2

Describe what a Cell wall is and its function

Answer 2

Is a protective barrier for plants and only plants and bacteria cells. a rigid frame that gives plants support and support. is the part that allows the plant to grow tall.

Question 3

Describe what a Cytoskeleton is and its function

Answer 3

Fills the cytoplasm that helps to maintain their shape and internal organization

Question 4

Describe what a Chlorophlast is and its function

Answer 4

found only in plants, have a green pigment called chlorophyll, and the site of photosynthesis making glucose and oxygen.

Question 5

Describe what a Rough and smooth E.R is and its function

Answer 5

Series of tubes branching off the nuclear envelope
The rough ER has a grainy appearance because of the attached ribosomes and is responsible for synthesizing proteins
Smooth ER
Has a smooth appearance and takes the lipid (fat) building blocks and assembles them into proteins.

Question 6

Describe what a Golgi Apparatus is and its function

Answer 6

IS the post office of the cell, packaging and transports the materials of the cell

Question 7

Describe what a Lysosomes is and its function

Answer 7

Kill the invading bacteria and destroying damaged cell organelles and if a cell malfunctions it will burst and kill the cell before infection spreads

Question 8

Describe what a Nucleus is and its function

Answer 8

Contains the DNA of the cell and directs the whole cell and its cellular activities including the mitosis

Question 9

Describe what a Ribosomes is and its function

Answer 9

Attached to the rough ER and takes amino acid building blocks and assemble them into proteins

Question 10

Describe what a Vacuole is and its function

Answer 10

stores nutrient, fats and secretions of the cell if the vacuole is not full the whole cell will die

Question 11

Describe what a Vesicle is and its function

Answer 11

small bubbles with the same structure as the cell membrane and transports substances within the cell

Question 12

Describe what a Cytoplasm is and its function

Answer 12

A gel like substance that fills the whole cell

Question 13

what kind of system is a cell and why

Answer 13

IS a open system because it can have matter and energy transport through it

Question 14

Differences between plant and animal cells

Answer 14

Plants have a cell membrane while animal cells have cell membranes, plants have a rigid cell shapes, animal cells have smoother cell shapes, plants have one singular vacuole and animals have multiple vacuoles, plants can photosynthesize with chloroplasts and animals cant

Question 15

Similarities between animal and plant cells

Answer 15

Both have a vacuole but animals just have multiple vacuoles and both have nucleus, and ER

Question 16

Cell membrane structure

Answer 16

is a flexible barrier having a phospholipid bilayer hydrophilic head facing outward and hydrophobic heads facing inward. these make the cell membrane a semi permeable membrane.

Question 17

Difference between active and passive transport

Answer 17

Active transport is going against the concentration gradient and passive is going along it

Question 18

Describe Osmosis

Answer 18

the movement of water molecules and occurs when there is a solute concentration difference

Question 19

Describe Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 19

Is diffusion is diffusion that moves water soluble molecules and helps the molecules transport by the proteins from the cell membrane using channel or carrier proteins.

Question 20

Describe Active Transport using Endocytosis

Answer 20

vesicle is formed around the solute then goes inside the cell

Question 21

Describe Active Transport using Exocytosis

Answer 21

Vesicle formed by the Golgi apparatus then releases out

Question 22

Describe Diffusion

Answer 22

transports the molecules that are fat soluble or small like O2 and CO2 because the molecules can dissolve or pass trough the concentration barrier

Question 23

What is Tonicity

Answer 23

The concentration of solutes outside of the cell relative to the concentration inside the cell.