Topic 1A Cells and Microscopy Flashcards
What is a prokaryote?
A small, simple cell, without a nucleus e.g. bacterium.
What is a eukaryotic cell?
A cell containing a nucleus, such as a plant or animal cell.
What do animal cells contain?
Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane, Mitochondria and Ribosomes
What do plant cells contain?
The same as an animal cell plus a Cell wall, Large vacuole and Chloroplasts.
Describe a bacterial cell
A cell which doesn’t have a ‘true’ nucleus but has a single circular of chromosomal DNA which floats freely in the cytoplasm.
What is a specialised cell?
A cell that performs a specific function.
What makes up the structure of a sperm cell?
Long tail, head, haploid nucleus, acrosome, male DNA, mitochondria.
Describe the function of a sperm cell
To transport male DNA to the female DNA in the egg.
What makes up the structure of an egg cell?
Haploid nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondrion.
Describe the function of an egg cell
To carry the female DNA and to nourish the developing embryo in the early stages.
What’s a haploid nuclei?
A haploid is half a cell, a sperm cell and egg cell each contain half of the normal human body cell. Together they make 46 chromosomes.
What makes up the structure of a ciliated epithelial cell?
Epithelial cell, nucleus and cilia.
Describe the function of a ciliated epithelial cell
Lines the surface of organs.
What’s the purpose of a microscope?
To see things invisible to the naked eye such as individual cells and their subcellular structures.
Describe a light microscope
Use light lenses to form an image of a specimen and magnify it.
