Topic 17 - Inheritance

Question 1

Genotype

Answer 1

The genetic constitution of an organism (the alleles it has for a gene)

Question 2

Phenotype

Answer 2

The expression of the genes and its interaction with the environment

Question 3

Homozygous

Answer 3

A pair of homologous chromosomes carrying the same alleles for a single gene

Question 4

Hetrerozygous

Answer 4

A pair of homologous chromosomes carrying 2 different alleles for a single gene

Question 5

Recessive allele

Answer 5

An allele only expressed if no dominant allele is present

Question 6

Dominant allele

Answer 6

An allele that will always be expressed in the phenotype

Question 7

Codominant

Answer 7

Both alleles are equally coming and and expressed in the phenotype

Question 8

Multiple alleles

Answer 8

More than two alleles for a single gene

Question 9

Sex-linkage

Answer 9

A gene whose locus is on the X chromosome

Question 10

Autosomal linkage

Answer 10

Genes that are located on the same chromosome (not the sex chromosomes)

Question 11

Autosomal linkage

Answer 11

Genes that are located on the same chromosome (not the sex chromosomes)

Question 12

Epistasis

Answer 12

When one gene modifies or masks the expression of a different gene at a different locus

Question 13

Monohybrid

Answer 13

Genetic inheritance cross of a characteristic determined by one gene

Question 14

Dihybrid

Answer 14

Genetic inheritance cross of a characteristic determined by 2 genes

Question 15

Gene pool

Answer 15

All of the alleles of all of the genes within a population at one time

Question 16

Population

Answer 16

All of the individuals of one species in one area at one time

Question 17

Allele frequency

Answer 17

The proportion of an allele within the gene pool

Question 18

P

Answer 18

The frequency of the dominant allele

Question 19

Q

Answer 19

The frequency of the recessive allele

Question 20

P^2

Answer 20

The frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype

Question 21

2pq

Answer 21

The frequency of the heterozygous genotype

Question 22

Q^2

Answer 22

The frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype

Question 23

2 equations for Hardy Weinberg

Answer 23

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
p + q = 1