topic 17 - facial composite construction Flashcards
what is a facial composite system?
Facial composite system: Tool for creating a likeness to a suspect’s face based on an eyewitness’ description.
what are artist impressions?
Rarely used in the UK today – but still popular in the US (Oklahoma bombings).
started in 1961 - drawings off a perpetrators likely facial features.
what is identikit - facial composite techniques?
1961 - 1970
identikit.
Invented by Hugh C Macdonald of the Los Angeles Police Department.
The Cecil Court antique shop murder in 1961.
Edwin Bush was spotted by a police officer who had seen the Indentikit image.
what is PhotoFIT?
Invented by Jacques Penry.
Arrest of John Ernest Bennett for the Murder of James Cameron, Islington 1970.
1970 - 1988
what is E-FIT?
Invented by Peter Bennet & John Platten (Aspley Ltd).
Arrest (1993) of Colin Ireland for the murder of gay men in London.
1988 - 2006
what is EFIT 6?
Holistic composite systems rapidly gain popularity
EigenFIT, EFIT-V, EFIT6, EvoFIT.
Now used by the majority of UK police.
2006 - present
how do feature based systems work?
Likeness to suspect constructed by piecing together individual facial features.
what are the limitations of feature based systems?
Psychological studies show we recognise faces holistically not as a sum of individual facial features.
It’s impossible to discern any details in these facial features. But recognition is still possible.
how does EFIT 6 work?
Facial appearance encoded by numbers.
Iterative search for suspect’s face using an evolutionary algorithm.
Alternatively, can consider the problem of creating a likeness to the suspect as a multi-dimensional search problem.
