Topic 1.4 ICT Skills and Working in Linux

Question 1

Name the three open source hypervisors.

Answer 1

1. Xen - Oldest of the three.
2. KVM - Most prominent Linux hypervisor.. Sponsored by Red Hat.
3. VirtualBox - Owned by Oracle since purchased by SunMicrosystems. Easy to use.

Question 2

What is OpenStack?

Answer 2

A collection of open source software that can make use of different hypervisors and other tools in order to offer a complete IaaS cloud environment on premise.

Question 3

Describe Do Not Track (DNT)

Answer 3

DNT is a way for you to tell the websites you visit that you do not want them to track you. But, in fact, they are the ones who will decide if they will respect your choice or not.

This is done by simply sending an extra flag on the header of the HTTP request protocol (DNT: 1) upon requesting data from a web server.

Question 4

Describe “Private Windows”.

Answer 4

• What it actually does is open a brand new session, which usually doesn’t share any configuration or data from your standard profile. When you close the private window, the browser will automatically delete all the data generated by that session.
• Prevents cookie tracking.
• Completely private only on the computer you are using. If accessing your email account or banking website from a public computer, like in an airport or a hotel, you should definitely access those using your browser’s private mode.

Question 5

What is a password manager. Give examples.

Answer 5

• Password managers software programs that store all your passwords and usernames in an encrypted format which can be decrypted by a master password.
• KeePass, Bitwarden

Question 6

How do you know if a website is trustworthy?

Answer 6

You should look for the “lock” symbol on the browser’s address bar.

Question 7

What is GNU Privacy GuardGnuPG

Answer 7

• Open source implementation of OpenPGP (RFC 4880).

- Used to sign, encrypt, and decrypt texts, e-mails, files, directories, and even whole disk partitions.

Question 8

Describe two methods to encrypt a disk.

Answer 8

1. Stacked: files and directories are encrypted before being stored on the filesystem and decrypted after reading them.
2. Block: everything that is written to a block device is encrypted. Can’t tell what is a file or directory, the size of the data or type.

Question 9

Describe tools for Disk Encryption

Answer 9

• dm-cryp: block encryption for Linux and is native in the kernel. Can be used with LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup)
• EncFS: stacked. Do not need root privilege. Can work on existing filesystem without modifications.
• Veracrypt: can be used on Linux, MacOS and Windows.