Topic 1.2 Part 2 - Units and Data Representation Flashcards
How many bits in a byte?
8
How many bits in a nibble
4
What does 0 mean in binary
Off
What does 1 mean in binary
On
How many bytes in a kilobyte
1000
How many bytes in a megabyte?
1 million
How many bytes in a gigabyte?
1 billion
How many bytes in a terabyte?
1 trillion
How many bytes in a petabyte?
1 quadrillion
00000101 =
5
01000001 =
65
11111111 =
255
Why is binary easier for a computer?
It is easier to represent only two states on electrical devices
LSB means
Least Significant Bit
the LSB =
1
MSB Means
Most Significant Bit
The MSB is
the highest value on your conversion table
Overflow
Can’t fit on the 8 bit, one is added at the left end
Underflow
Can’t fit on the 8 bit, one is added onto the right end
In binary 1 + 1 = ?
10
One left shift ______ the original value
doubles
00010110 = 22 (Left Shift 1)
00101100 = 44
One right shift _____ the original value
halves
Complete the values:
B_______
D_______
H_______
Binary
Decimal
Hexidecimal
Values of Denary (Base 10)
0-9
Values of Hex (Base 16)
0-15
Denary - Hex
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
Binary - Hex
00011010
1A
Hex - Binary
FF
255
Denary - Hex
24
18
Hex - Denary
AB
171
How to convert from Hex > Binary > Denary?
Take the first letter or number and put that in the Most Sig Nibble (Bit numbers 16, 32, 64, 128. A = 1010). Take the second letter or number and put that in the least significant nibble (Bit numbers 1, 2, 4, 8. B = 1011). Then put them together, AB = 10101011.
ASCII means:
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASCII has __ bits
7
ASCII Extended has __ bits OR is 1 _____
8 bits
1 byte
_______ replaced ASCII Extended
UNICODE
Colour Depth of an image is how many ____ make up a pixel
bits
Image size is calculated by _____ x _____
Use the equation above to work out:
- width 17
- depth 14
- colour Depth 1
Width x Height
17x14 = 238pixels
The impact of colour depth on file size:
The number of bits required for each pixel is known as the Colour Depth. The greater the Colour Depth & Resolution, the larger the file size is
The impact of resolution on file size:
If the resolution is higher therefore the file size is bigger
Metadata is:
all the information for the image (width/length/colour depth)
Sound File Size
the total number of bits in a sound file.
Number of Bits x Number of Bits Per Sample x Length of Sample in Seconds
Bit depth
The number of bits stores per sample.
the higher the bit depth, the greater the quality of sound and the larger the file size.
Sample Rate
the number of samples stored per second.
the higher the sample rate, the higher the quality of sound and the larger the file size.
How is sound converted to a digital file?
An analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) converts the analogue signal from a microphone to a digital signal for the computer to process, recording can be affected by the low sample rate its taken at, as there isn’t as much data points as if it were taken at higher one.
