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11C - Computer Science > Topic 1.2 Part 2 - Units and Data Representation > Flashcards

Topic 1.2 Part 2 - Units and Data Representation Flashcards

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1
Q

How many bits in a byte?

A

8

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2
Q

How many bits in a nibble

A

4

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3
Q

What does 0 mean in binary

A

Off

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4
Q

What does 1 mean in binary

A

On

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5
Q

How many bytes in a kilobyte

A

1000

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6
Q

How many bytes in a megabyte?

A

1 million

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7
Q

How many bytes in a gigabyte?

A

1 billion

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8
Q

How many bytes in a terabyte?

A

1 trillion

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9
Q

How many bytes in a petabyte?

A

1 quadrillion

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10
Q

00000101 =

A

5

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11
Q

01000001 =

A

65

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12
Q

11111111 =

A

255

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13
Q

Why is binary easier for a computer?

A

It is easier to represent only two states on electrical devices

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14
Q

LSB means

A

Least Significant Bit

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15
Q

the LSB =

A

1

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16
Q

MSB Means

A

Most Significant Bit

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17
Q

The MSB is

A

the highest value on your conversion table

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18
Q

Overflow

A

Can’t fit on the 8 bit, one is added at the left end

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19
Q

Underflow

A

Can’t fit on the 8 bit, one is added onto the right end

20
Q

In binary 1 + 1 = ?

A

10

21
Q

One left shift ______ the original value

A

doubles

22
Q

00010110 = 22 (Left Shift 1)

A

00101100 = 44

23
Q

One right shift _____ the original value

A

halves

24
Q

Complete the values:
B_______
D_______
H_______

A

Binary
Decimal
Hexidecimal

25
Q

Values of Denary (Base 10)

A

0-9

26
Q

Values of Hex (Base 16)

A

0-15

27
Q

Denary - Hex

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

A

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F

28
Q

Binary - Hex

00011010

A

1A

29
Q

Hex - Binary

FF

A

255

30
Q

Denary - Hex

24

A

18

31
Q

Hex - Denary

AB

A

171

32
Q

How to convert from Hex > Binary > Denary?

A

Take the first letter or number and put that in the Most Sig Nibble (Bit numbers 16, 32, 64, 128. A = 1010). Take the second letter or number and put that in the least significant nibble (Bit numbers 1, 2, 4, 8. B = 1011). Then put them together, AB = 10101011.

33
Q

ASCII means:

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange

34
Q

ASCII has __ bits

A

7

35
Q

ASCII Extended has __ bits OR is 1 _____

A

8 bits
1 byte

36
Q

_______ replaced ASCII Extended

A

UNICODE

37
Q

Colour Depth of an image is how many ____ make up a pixel

A

bits

38
Q

Image size is calculated by _____ x _____

Use the equation above to work out:
- width 17
- depth 14
- colour Depth 1

A

Width x Height

17x14 = 238pixels

39
Q

The impact of colour depth on file size:

A

The number of bits required for each pixel is known as the Colour Depth. The greater the Colour Depth & Resolution, the larger the file size is

40
Q

The impact of resolution on file size:

A

If the resolution is higher therefore the file size is bigger

41
Q

Metadata is:

A

all the information for the image (width/length/colour depth)

42
Q

Sound File Size

A

the total number of bits in a sound file.

Number of Bits x Number of Bits Per Sample x Length of Sample in Seconds

43
Q

Bit depth

A

The number of bits stores per sample.

the higher the bit depth, the greater the quality of sound and the larger the file size.

44
Q

Sample Rate

A

the number of samples stored per second.

the higher the sample rate, the higher the quality of sound and the larger the file size.

45
Q

How is sound converted to a digital file?

A

An analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) converts the analogue signal from a microphone to a digital signal for the computer to process, recording can be affected by the low sample rate its taken at, as there isn’t as much data points as if it were taken at higher one.

11C - Computer Science (15 decks)

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