Topic 12

Question 1

An organization that represents workers in bargaining with employers.

Answer 1

Unions

Question 2

The negotiation process between unions and employers.

Answer 2

Collective Bargaining

Question 3

A work stoppage by mass refusal of employees to work.

Answer 3

Strike

Question 4

A document whereby an employee agrees not to organize or join a union.

Answer 4

Yellow Dog Contract

Question 5

A combination of two or more individuals planning to accomplish an unlawful purpose.

Answer 5

Common Law Criminal Conspiracy

Question 6

A legal remedy that allows a court to order individuals to refrain from harmful acts.

Answer 6

Federal Injunction

Question 7

A law that prevents anti-competitive behavior within local commerce.

Answer 7

Federal Anti-trust Law

Question 8

Enacted in 1890, it prevents businesses from combining together to restrain trade and seeking monopoly business power; To limit employer monopoly power

Answer 8

Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Question 9

Workers organizing into unions were considered a combination designed to restrain trade

Answer 9

How the Sherman Anti- Trust Act was used against unions

Question 10

Enacted in 1914, it prohibits the elimination of unions.

Answer 10

Clayton Act

Question 11

Enacted in 1932, it governs the interplay between unions and businesses.

Answer 11

Norris-LaGuardia Act

Question 12

What is the Norris-LaGuardia Act also known as?

Answer 12

Federal Anti-Injunctive Act

Question 13

Enacted in 1935, it establishes workers’ rights to form unions, collectively bargain, and strike.

Answer 13

National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)

Question 14

Any effort by employees to join together to seek improvement in working conditions.

Answer 14

Concerted Activity

Question 15

A community of people who align themselves with a common interest.

Answer 15

Community of Interests

Question 16

A group of workers represented by a union in collective bargaining.

Answer 16

Official Bargaining Unit

Question 17

A federal administrative agency that administers the provisions of the NLRA.

Answer 17

National Labor Relations Board

Question 18

Unions form when workers with a ______________ align themselves to resolve similar workplace concerns.

Answer 18

Community of interests

Question 19

Under the official rules of the NLRA, how many different unions can be the official bargaining unit for workers in a particular location or industry?

Answer 19

One

Question 20

Enacted in 1947, it curbs union overreaching by protecting employee rights and prohibiting wildcat strikes.

Answer 20

Labor Management Relations Act of 1947

Question 21

An illegal requirement that an employee be a union member.

Answer 21

Closed Union Shop

Question 22

A bargaining clause that allows a condition that all employees must join the union once hired.

Answer 22

Union Shops

Question 23

Laws that give employees the option to not join a union.

Answer 23

Right-to-work Laws

Question 24

An employee who does not belong to a union, but benefits from union representation.

Answer 24

Free Riders

Question 25

A strike not authorized by the union

Answer 25

Wildcat strike

Question 26

How many states have right-to-work protections?

Answer 26

24

Question 27

It is illegal to request non-union employees to pay union dues. (T/F)

Answer 27

False

Question 28

Enacted in 1959, it creates a union member “bill of rights” in order to empower union members and reduce union corruption.

Answer 28

Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959 (LMRDA)

Question 29

A group’s refusal to deal with a business that is not directly involved in the dispute.

Answer 29

Secondary Boycotts

Question 30

A voluntary agreement in which a neutral employer agrees to cease doing business with another employer who deals directly with the firm in question.

Answer 30

"Hot Cargo" Agreements

Question 31

By the late 1950's, the pendulum of public opinion swung further against organized labor due to the confirmed connection of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters to:`

Answer 31

Organized crime

Question 32

Nominate and vote for candidates in secret elections Vote in elections and on union business Attend union meetings

Answer 32

LMRDA union member “Bill of Rights”

Question 33

Under LMRDA, how often do unions need to hold elections for officers?

Answer 33

Every three years

Question 34

A concept that requires a mutual obligation of both parties to participate actively in negotiations by demonstrating intent to resolve a dispute.

Answer 34

Good Faith

Question 35

A required bargaining subject that involves wages, benefits, hours, and layoff procedures.

Answer 35

Mandatory Bargaining Subject

Question 36

A bargaining subject that either party may bring to the table, but over which the other party is not required to bargain.

Answer 36

Permissive Bargaining Subject

Question 37

A bargaining subject that cannot legally be implemented into a collective bargaining agreement.

Answer 37

Illegal Bargaining Subject

Question 38

A deadlock reached by two bargaining parties whereby an issue cannot be resolved.

Answer 38

Impasse

Question 39

An employer’s temporary work stoppage initiated during a labor dispute.

Answer 39

Lock Out

Question 40

After an election results in a union being formed, the NLRB designates the union as the _____________________________ and informs the employer.

Answer 40

Appropriate bargaining unit

Question 41

Under the process of collective bargaining, it is the union which is the sole representative of the workers’ interests, and no individual may negotiate a private work arrangement with the employer. (T/F)

Answer 41

True

Question 42

The employer's duty to bargain in good faith includes an affirmative obligation to supply the union with information that is ______________ for the union to bargain intelligently and effectively.

Answer 42

Relevant and necessary

Question 43

The only time the employer is required to reveal financial information is when the employer argues a financial inability to meet union demands. (T/F)

Answer 43

True

Question 44

Any effort of an employer to co-opt the union by sponsoring activities, providing for union expenses, offering perks to union elites, or seeking the election of a particular worker to a union position constitutes a(n):

Answer 44

Unfair labor practice

Question 45

A stoppage of work based upon a union’s frustration that management will not meet its demands for improvements in wages, hours, and benefits.

Answer 45

Economic Strike

Question 46

A stoppage of work in order to pressure management to follow the law.

Answer 46

Unfair Labor Practices Strike

Question 47

A stoppage of work based upon a union’s frustration that management will not meet its demands for improvements in wages, hours, and benefits.

Answer 47

Economic Strike

Question 48

A procedure for resolving collective bargaining impasses by a mediator (third party with no formal authority) who acts as a facilitator and go-between in the negotiations.

Answer 48

Mediation

Question 49

Established by Taft-Hartley, an agency to help management and laborers settle labor contract disputes.

Answer 49

Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (FMCS)

Question 50

Action by an employer or a union that restrains or coerces employees from exercising their rights to organize and bargain collectively or to refrain from doing so.

Answer 50

Unfair Labor Practice (ULP)

Question 51

Which organization needs to be notified if an impasse is reached between unions and employers?

Answer 51

FMCS

Question 52

An employer equivalent of a union strike is a/an:

Answer 52

Lockout

Question 53

Which of the following is a legal union strike activity?

Answer 53

Seeking media attention

Question 54

Why does the NRLA allow employees to strike and employers to perform lockouts?

Answer 54

To put pressure on the other side to come to the bargaining table

Question 55

What is the threshold number of workers needed to sign authorization cards to seek union formation from the NLRB?

Answer 55

30 percent

Question 56

Why did Congress pass the Taft-Hartley Act?

Answer 56

To curb union overreaching

Question 57

Laws that give workers the freedom to not join a union are known as:

Answer 57

Right-to-work laws

Question 58

Under the Taft-Hartley Act, the executive branch of the federal government is empowered to obtain legal strikebreaking injunctions in the courts if an impending or current strike imperils:

Answer 58

National health and safety

Question 59

In an effort to empower union members and to reduce union elite corruption, Congress enacted the:

Answer 59

Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act

Question 60

The LMRDA does not displace state laws governing unions' relations with their members except to the extent that those state laws would conflict with federal law. (T/F)

Answer 60

True

Question 61

Picketing other businesses that provide goods and services to the union’s employer is known as:

Answer 61

Secondary picketing