Topic 11- Toursim

Question 1

Globalization

Answer 1

• more worldwide relations
• businesses/organizations
  reflects the sense of an immense enlargment of world communications

Question 2

globalization of culture?

Answer 2

tourism is the first or second source of export earnings in 20/48 least developed countires

Question 3

stages of tourism

Answer 3

1. Early development- discovered
2. Intermediate development, infrastructure development
3. Developed (sustainable or not?) - peak popularity
4. Decline- from competition, economy suffers
5. Collapse

Question 4

3 themes of ecologically sustainable development

Answer 4

• society
• natural environment
• economy

Question 5

what does sustainability emphasize?

Answer 5

-social, economic, cultural and environmental sustainability
- and the interaction between these elements

Question 6

tourism developed locally is not…

Answer 6

always environmentally and culturally beneficial

some cases= resorts save coastal environments

Question 7

international toursits
2017-2018

Answer 7

• up 6%
• • 1.4bill in 2018
• 3.7% growth of global economy

Question 8

International tourist arrivals in 2018- Europe, Asia, Americas, Africa, ME

Answer 8

• Europe - (+6%) 713 million
• Asia and the Pacific (+6%) 343 million
• The Americas (+3%) 217 million
• Africa (+7% ) 67 million
• Middle East (+10%) 64 million.

Question 9

Impact of covid-19:
loss of international arrivals?
loss of export revenues?
export revenue trends 2020,21, 22?
international arivals and GDP recovery in 2023?

Answer 9

• Loss of 2.7bill international arrivals
• Export revenues from international tourism (including receipts and passenger transport)
  dropped 62% in 2020 and 59% in 2021, versus 2019 (real terms) and then rebounded in 2022, remaining 23% below pre-pandemic levels.
• total loss of 2.5 trillion in export revenues (recipts and passenger transport)
• International tourist arrivals reached 89% of pre-pandemic levels in 2023 and 96% in January-July 2024
• tourism GDP recovered in 2023 at 3.4 trillion

Question 10

international tourism recovery in 2024:
ME, EUROPE/AMERICA,ASIA

Answer 10

• strongest= middle east (up 26%)
  Europe/America recovered 99% and 97% of their pre covid arrivals
• asia and the pacififc 82% of pre pandemic levels (-18% )

Question 11

growth rater by 2030

Answer 11

Arrivals are expected to be 1.8 bill with a growth of 3.3% annually

Question 12

Why has China led growth in tourism?

Answer 12

▪ Increased wealth of a growing middle class
▪ Changes in government policy that actually support
outbound tourism
▪ The mandate of paid leave by the government
▪ Changes in cultural norms
▪ Improved relations with it’s neighbours (although not all of them)

Question 13

china toursim stats
how many trips where made in 2017 and 2019?

Answer 13

• 2nd largest tourism economy for outbound travel (from their home country to other countries)
  -131 mill trips in 2017 (+ 7% compared to 2016)
• 154 mill in 2019

Question 14

why has their been a growth in domestic ( within the country) toursim in china?
what is one problem?

Answer 14

• easier to travel
• more people can afforde it
• more of a focus on domestic tourism in the travel industry
• change in culture

demand outways availability

Question 15

cruise tourism

Answer 15

• doubles every 10 years since 1990
• ## increasing more in developing countries

Question 16

International Tourism back to 2019 Levels

Answer 16

International tourism recovered to 96% pre-pandemic
levels in the first seven months of 2024

Revised data for 2023 shows export revenues from
international tourism reaching USD 1.8 trillion virtually
the same as before the pandemic (-1% in real terms
compared to 2019)