Topic 11 - Fungi

Question 1

What is absorptive heterotrophy?

Answer 1

an organism that secretes enzymes externally into the environment to digest organic materials which are then absorbed

Question 2

What is facultative asexuality?

Answer 2

sexual and asexual reproduction in the same individual

Question 3

What is mycorrihizae?

Answer 3

• represents the mutualistic symbiosis of plant roots and fungi, helps plants colonize the land

Question 4

What is mutualism?

Answer 4

• symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit

Question 5

Define Mycelium

Answer 5

• interwoven hyphal mat that contains many hyphae and it acts as a feeding network

Question 6

Define Hyphae

Answer 6

• delicate tubes surrounding the cytoplasm, they increase the area of absorption

Question 7

Define Karyogamy

Answer 7

process of two nuclei fusing together, uniting into a diploid zygote nucleus (2n)

Question 8

Define Plasmogamy

*need to confirm the answer

Answer 8

cytoplasm from two hyphae fuse together and bring the nuclei from each parent into one cell
- form a dikaryon (n+n)

Question 9

Define Heterokaryotic

Answer 9

unfused nuclei from different parents

Question 10

What is the importance of fungi to humans?

Answer 10

• medications
• yeast
• hallucinogenic fungi

Question 11

What are the ecological roles of fungi?

Answer 11

• mutualistic symbiosis with plants
• act as decomposers (carbon cycle)
• lichens lead to the formation of soil

Question 12

Make sure to know the generalized fungal life cycle!

Answer 12

…

Question 13

What constraints on the fungus body plan imposed by their mode of nutrition?

Answer 13

• inability to move around for new resources