Topic 10- Key Terms Flashcards
Define Classification
The process by which scientists group living organisms. Organisms are classified based on how similar they are. It is on the basis of shared features.
Define Species
Group of similar organisms (Physically, Biochemically, Developmentally and Immunologically )
They occupy the same ecological niche
Can interbreed to produce living fertile offspring
Define Binomial
Two names for a species. Generic name (Genus) Specific name (Species)
Define Courtship Behaviour
Courtship in animals is the behavior by which different species select their partners for reproduction.
Usually, the male starts the courtship, and the female chooses to either mate or reject the male based on his “performance”. Many animals have mate-selection courtship rituals.
Define Artificial Classification
Divides organisms according to differences that are useful at the time.
This can include; size, the number of legs, leaf shape, etc.
Described as analogous characteristics
Define Phylogenetic Classification
Based upon evolutionary relationships between organisms and ancestors.
Groups using shares features derived from ancestors
Name The Order Of Taxon
Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Define Hierarchy
Hierarchy refers to the taxonomical classification of living organisms in successive levels of complexity.
a hierarchy is an arrangement of categories in an increasing or decreasing order – from kingdom to species or vice-versa.
Groups within groups
Define Habitat
A place where a community of organisms normally live
Define Community
All the populations of different organisms interacting in a particular place at the same time
Define Ecosystem
All the living and non-living components of a specified area.
Define Biodiversity
The NUMBER and the VARIETY of living organisms in a particular area and has three components.
Define Species Diversity
The number of different species in a given area.
The proportion of the community made up of an individual species.
Define Genetic Diversity
The differences in the DNA/genes possessed by the individuals in any one species.
Define Ecosystem Diversity
The range of different habitats within a specified area.
Define Deforestation
Deforestation refers to the cutting, clearing, and removal of rainforest or related ecosystems into less bio-diverse ecosystems such as pasture, cropland, or plantations
Define Conservation
A concept of preservation and maintenance
Define Agriculture
The practice of cultivating the land or raising stock.
Define Biodiversity
The range and variety of genes, species, and habitats within a particular region
Define Genetic Diversity
Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species
Define INTERspecifc Variation
The variation between DIFFERENT species
Define INTRAspecific Variation
The variation WITHIN a species
Define Polygenic
Traits are controlled by two or more than two genes (usually by many different genes) at different loci on different chromosomes
Define Polygene
Refers to a group of genes that when expressed together produce a particular phenotype or trait.
Define Standard Deviation
The spread of measurements about the mean.
Define The Binomial System
The binomial naming system is the system used to name species. Each species is given a name that consists of two parts. The first part is the Genus to which the species belongs and the second part is the species name
Define Biomass
The total mass of all living material in a specific area, habitat, or region.
Define Domain
The highest taxonomic rank of organisms in which there are three groupings: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
Define Intercropping
It is multiple cropping practices involving growing two or more crops in proximity.
Define A Nitrogen-Fixing Crop
The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into a combined form (such as ammonia) through chemical and especially biological action (such as that of soil rhizobia)
Define Sampling Bias
A bias in which a sample is collected in such a way that some members of the intended population are less likely to be included than others
Define Taxonomy
Taxonomy is the branch of biology that classifies all living things
