Topic 10- Key Terms

Question 1

Define Classification

Answer 1

The process by which scientists group living organisms. Organisms are classified based on how similar they are. It is on the basis of shared features.

Question 2

Define Species

Answer 2

Group of similar organisms (Physically, Biochemically, Developmentally and Immunologically )
They occupy the same ecological niche
Can interbreed to produce living fertile offspring

Question 3

Define Binomial

Answer 3

Two names for a species.
Generic name (Genus)
Specific name (Species)

Question 4

Define Courtship Behaviour

Answer 4

Courtship in animals is the behavior by which different species select their partners for reproduction.
Usually, the male starts the courtship, and the female chooses to either mate or reject the male based on his “performance”. Many animals have mate-selection courtship rituals.

Question 5

Define Artificial Classification

Answer 5

Divides organisms according to differences that are useful at the time.
This can include; size, the number of legs, leaf shape, etc.
Described as analogous characteristics

Question 6

Define Phylogenetic Classification

Answer 6

Based upon evolutionary relationships between organisms and ancestors.
Groups using shares features derived from ancestors

Question 7

Name The Order Of Taxon

Answer 7

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 8

Define Hierarchy

Answer 8

Hierarchy refers to the taxonomical classification of living organisms in successive levels of complexity.
a hierarchy is an arrangement of categories in an increasing or decreasing order – from kingdom to species or vice-versa.
Groups within groups

Question 9

Define Habitat

Answer 9

A place where a community of organisms normally live

Question 10

Define Community

Answer 10

All the populations of different organisms interacting in a particular place at the same time

Question 11

Define Ecosystem

Answer 11

All the living and non-living components of a specified area.

Question 12

Define Biodiversity

Answer 12

The NUMBER and the VARIETY of living organisms in a particular area and has three components.

Question 13

Define Species Diversity

Answer 13

The number of different species in a given area.

The proportion of the community made up of an individual species.

Question 14

Define Genetic Diversity

Answer 14

The differences in the DNA/genes possessed by the individuals in any one species.

Question 15

Define Ecosystem Diversity

Answer 15

The range of different habitats within a specified area.

Question 16

Define Deforestation

Answer 16

Deforestation refers to the cutting, clearing, and removal of rainforest or related ecosystems into less bio-diverse ecosystems such as pasture, cropland, or plantations

Question 17

Define Conservation

Answer 17

A concept of preservation and maintenance

Question 18

Define Agriculture

Answer 18

The practice of cultivating the land or raising stock.

Question 19

Define Biodiversity

Answer 19

The range and variety of genes, species, and habitats within a particular region

Question 20

Define Genetic Diversity

Answer 20

Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species

Question 21

Define INTERspecifc Variation

Answer 21

The variation between DIFFERENT species

Question 22

Define INTRAspecific Variation

Answer 22

The variation WITHIN a species

Question 23

Define Polygenic

Answer 23

Traits are controlled by two or more than two genes (usually by many different genes) at different loci on different chromosomes

Question 24

Define Polygene

Answer 24

Refers to a group of genes that when expressed together produce a particular phenotype or trait.

Question 25

Define Standard Deviation

Answer 25

The spread of measurements about the mean.

Question 26

Define The Binomial System

Answer 26

The binomial naming system is the system used to name species. Each species is given a name that consists of two parts. The first part is the Genus to which the species belongs and the second part is the species name

Question 27

Define Biomass

Answer 27

The total mass of all living material in a specific area, habitat, or region.

Question 28

Define Domain

Answer 28

The highest taxonomic rank of organisms in which there are three groupings: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya

Question 29

Define Intercropping

Answer 29

It is multiple cropping practices involving growing two or more crops in proximity.

Question 30

Define A Nitrogen-Fixing Crop

Answer 30

The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into a combined form (such as ammonia) through chemical and especially biological action (such as that of soil rhizobia)

Question 31

Define Sampling Bias

Answer 31

A bias in which a sample is collected in such a way that some members of the intended population are less likely to be included than others

Question 32

Define Taxonomy

Answer 32

Taxonomy is the branch of biology that classifies all living things