Topic 1- Variation

Question 0

What are the ‘5 Kingdoms’ that all living things are divided into?

Answer 0

Plants.
Animals.
Fungi.
Protoctists.
Prokaryotes.

Question 1

What is ‘Classificiation’?

Answer 1

Classification is the organising of living organisms into groups.

Question 2

What are the 4 ‘Plant’ Characteristics?

Answer 2

Contain Chlorophyll.
Autotrophs.
Multicellular.
Have rigid cell walls, to support cells.

Question 3

What does ‘Autotroph’ mean?

Answer 3

When a living organism is able to make their own food by a process (e.g. Plants make food by photosynthesis).

Question 4

What are the 4 ‘Animal’ Characteristics?

Answer 4

No chlorophyll.
Heterotrophs.
Multicellular.
No cell walls.

Question 5

What does ‘Heterotroph’ mean?

Answer 5

When a living organism can’t make their own food, so they have to move about and find things to eat.

Question 6

What are the 4 ‘Fungi’ Characteristics?

Answer 6

No chlorophyll.
Saprophytes.
Multicellular.
Have a cell wall.

Question 7

What does ‘Saprophytes’ mean?

Answer 7

An organism which feeds off dead organisms and decaying material. (E.g. Fungi)

Question 8

What are the 2 ‘Protoctists’ Characteristics? Give an example.

Answer 8

Unicellular.
Have a nucleus.
E.g. Algae.

Question 9

What are the 2 ‘Prokaryotes’ Characteristics? Give an example.

Answer 9

Unicellular.
Don’t have a nucleus.
E.g. Bacteria.

Question 10

Why aren’t Viruses classified?

Answer 10

Most scientists thinks Viruses as non-living and therefore cannot be classified into any of the kingdoms.

Question 11

What are the Kingdoms, in Classification, subdivided into?

King Prawn Curry Or Fish Gut Soup

Answer 11

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 12

What is the Phylum ‘Chordata’ made up of?

Answer 12

Animals that all have a supporting rod-like structure that goes up the back of the body. E.g. The backbone in Vertebrates.

Question 13

What ‘Phylum’ are Animals divided into?

Answer 13

Vertebrates and Invertebrates.

Question 14

What do you have if you’re a ‘Vertebrate’?

Answer 14

A backbone.

An internal skeleton.

Question 15

What does it mean if you’re an ‘Invertebrate’?

Answer 15

No backbone.

No internal skeleton, but some may have an external skeleton.

Question 16

What 5 groups (classes) are ‘Vertebrates’ divided into?

Answer 16

Fish.
Amphibians.
Reptiles.
Birds.
Mammals.

Question 17

Scientists divide Vertebrates into Classes for 3 main reasons, what are these reasons?

Answer 17

1) How they Absorb Oxygen
2) How they Reproduce
3) How they Regulate their Internal Body Temperature.

Question 18

Name 3 ways in which a ‘Vertebrate’ can absorb Oxygen?

Answer 18

Lungs (E.g. Mammals)
Gills (E.g. Fish)
Skin (E.g. Amphibians)

Question 19

How does Fertilisation occur in Vertebrates?

Answer 19

Internally (E.g. Mammals)

Externally (E.g. Fish)

Question 20

What does ‘Oviparous’ mean?

Answer 20

Lays eggs (E.g. Reptiles)

Question 21

What does ‘Viviparous’ mean?

Answer 21

Give birth to live young which are fed milk by the mother. (E.g. Mammals)

Question 22

What does ‘Homeotherms’ mean?

Answer 22

They are Warm-blooded, as their body temperature is kept constant by Homeostasis. (E.g. Mammals)

Question 23

What does ‘Poikilotherms’ mean?

Answer 23

This means that they’re Cold-blooded, as their body temperature changes with external temperature. (E.g. Reptiles)

Question 24

Sometimes newly discovered species don’t really fit into any of the categories. The Duck-billed Platypus is classed as a Mammal. However, explain why the Duck-billed Platypus doesn’t really fit into any ‘Class’.

Answer 24

Have a bill like a duck (Bird).
Have a tail like a beaver (Mammal).
Homeothermic.
Suckles young but it’s Oviparous (lays eggs).

Question 25

What makes Organisms the same ‘species’?

Answer 25

If they can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

Question 26

What does ‘Hybrid’ mean?

Answer 26

A hybrid is a fertile organism, which has been reproduced by a male from one species and a female from another species.